Renalase gene polymorphisms in patients with type 2 diabetes, hypertension and stroke.

Renalase is a novel, recently identified, flavin adenine dinucleotide-dependent amine oxidase. It is secreted by the kidney and metabolizes circulating catecholamines. Renalase has significant hemodynamic effects, therefore it is likely to participate in the regulation of cardiovascular function.The aim of our study was to investigate the involvement of renalase gene polymorphisms in hypertension in type 2 diabetes patients. A total of 892 patients and 400 controls were genotyped with three SNPs in the renalase gene. The C allele of rs2296545 SNP was associated with hypertension (P < 0.01). For rs2576178 SNP, frequencies in hypertensive patients differed from controls, but not from normotensive patients. For rs10887800 SNP, the differences in the G allele frequencies were observed in hypertensive patients with stroke, with 66% of patients being GG homozygotes. To confirm observed association we later genotyped 130 stroke patients without diabetes. The OR for risk allele was 1.79 (95% CI 1.33-2.41). In conclusion, the renalase gene polymorphism was associated with hypertension in type 2 diabetes patients. The most interesting result is a strong association of the rs10887800 polymorphism with stroke in patients with and without diabetes. The G allele of this polymorphism might thus be useful in identifying diabetes patients at increased risk of stroke.