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本文引用的文献

1
Reaction of sleepiness indicators to partial sleep deprivation, time of day and time on task in a driving simulator--the DROWSI project.驾驶模拟器中部分睡眠剥夺、一天中的时间和任务时间对困倦指标的反应——DROWSI 项目。
J Sleep Res. 2010 Jun;19(2):298-309. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2869.2009.00796.x. Epub 2009 Dec 28.
2
The effects of driving situation on sleepiness indicators after sleep loss: a driving simulator study.睡眠剥夺后驾驶情境对嗜睡指标的影响：一项驾驶模拟器研究。
Ind Health. 2009 Aug;47(4):393-401. doi: 10.2486/indhealth.47.393.
3
The alerting effect of hitting a rumble strip--a simulator study with sleepy drivers.撞击减速带的警示效果——一项针对困倦驾驶者的模拟研究
Accid Anal Prev. 2008 Nov;40(6):1970-6. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2008.08.017. Epub 2008 Sep 19.
4
Extended driving impairs nocturnal driving performances.长时间驾驶会损害夜间驾驶表现。
PLoS One. 2008;3(10):e3493. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0003493. Epub 2008 Oct 22.
5
Predicting road crashes from a mathematical model of alertness regulation--The Sleep/Wake Predictor.基于警觉性调节数学模型——睡眠/觉醒预测器来预测道路交通事故
Accid Anal Prev. 2008 Jul;40(4):1480-5. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2008.03.016. Epub 2008 Apr 22.
6
Blinks and saccades as indicators of fatigue in sleepiness warnings: looking tired?眨眼和眼球跳动作为困倦警告中疲劳的指标：看起来疲惫吗？
Ergonomics. 2008 Jul;51(7):982-1010. doi: 10.1080/00140130701817062.
7
Recovery of cognitive performance from sleep debt: do a short rest pause and a single recovery night help?从睡眠债中恢复认知表现：短暂的休息停顿和一个恢复性夜晚有帮助吗？
Chronobiol Int. 2008 Apr;25(2-3):279-96. doi: 10.1080/07420520802107106.
8
Driver impairment at night and its relation to physiological sleepiness.夜间驾驶员机能受损及其与生理性困倦的关系。
Scand J Work Environ Health. 2008 Apr;34(2):142-50. doi: 10.5271/sjweh.1193. Epub 2008 Apr 29.
9
The development of a naturalistic data collection system to perform critical incident analysis: an investigation of safety and fatigue issues in long-haul trucking.用于进行关键事件分析的自然主义数据收集系统的开发：对长途货运中的安全与疲劳问题的调查
Accid Anal Prev. 2006 Nov;38(6):1127-36. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2006.05.001. Epub 2006 Jun 27.
10
Subjective sleepiness and accident risk avoiding the ecological fallacy.主观嗜睡与事故风险——避免生态谬误
J Sleep Res. 2006 Jun;15(2):142-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2869.2006.00517.x.

夜间真实驾驶时的困倦特征——驾驶表现、生理和主观体验研究。

The characteristics of sleepiness during real driving at night--a study of driving performance, physiology and subjective experience.

机构信息

Department of Applied Mechanics, Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, Sweden.

出版信息

Sleep. 2011 Oct 1;34(10):1317-25. doi: 10.5665/SLEEP.1270.

DOI:10.5665/SLEEP.1270
PMID:21966063
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3174834/
Abstract

STUDY OBJECTIVES

Most studies of sleepy driving have been carried out in driving simulators. A few studies of real driving are available, but these have used only a few sleepiness indicators. The purpose of the present study was to characterize sleepiness in several indicators during real driving at night, compared with daytime driving.

DESIGN

Participants drove 55 km (at 90 km/h) on a 9-m-wide rural highway in southern Sweden. Daytime driving started at 09:00 or 11:00 (2 groups) and night driving at 01:00 or 03:00 (balanced design).

SETTING

Instrumented car on a real road in normal traffic.

PARTICIPANTS

Eighteen participants drawn from the local driving license register.

INTERVENTIONS

Daytime and nighttime drives.

MEASUREMENT AND RESULTS

The vehicle was an instrumented car with video monitoring of the edge of the road and recording of the lateral position and speed. Electroencephalography and electrooculography were recorded, together with ratings of sleepiness every 5 minutes. Pronounced effects of night driving were seen for subjective sleepiness, electroencephalographic indicators of sleepiness, blink duration, and speed. Also, time on task showed significant effects for subjective sleepiness, blink duration, lane position, and speed. Sleepiness was highest toward the end of the nighttime drive. Night driving caused a leftward shift in lateral position and a reduction of speed. The latter two findings, as well as the overall pattern of sleepiness indicators, provide new insights into the effects of night driving.

CONCLUSION

Night driving is associated with high levels of subjective, electrophysiologic, and behavioral sleepiness.

摘要

研究目的

大多数关于嗜睡驾驶的研究都是在驾驶模拟器中进行的。有一些关于真实驾驶的研究，但这些研究只使用了少数几个嗜睡指标。本研究的目的是在夜间真实驾驶中，与白天驾驶相比，用多个指标来描述嗜睡。

设计

参与者在瑞典南部的一条 9 米宽的农村公路上以 90 公里/小时的速度行驶 55 公里。白天驾驶从 09:00 或 11:00 开始（2 组），夜间驾驶从 01:00 或 03:00 开始（平衡设计）。

环境

在正常交通条件下，在真实道路上的仪器化汽车。

参与者

从当地驾驶执照登记处随机抽取的 18 名参与者。

干预措施

白天和夜间驾驶。

测量和结果

车辆是一辆装有仪器的汽车，可对路边进行视频监控，并记录横向位置和速度。记录脑电图和眼电图，并每隔 5 分钟对嗜睡进行评分。夜间驾驶对主观嗜睡、脑电图嗜睡指标、眨眼持续时间和速度都有明显影响。此外，任务时间对主观嗜睡、眨眼持续时间、车道位置和速度也有显著影响。在夜间驾驶结束时，嗜睡程度最高。夜间驾驶会导致车辆横向位置向左偏移，速度降低。后两个发现，以及所有嗜睡指标的整体模式，为夜间驾驶的影响提供了新的见解。

结论

夜间驾驶与高水平的主观、电生理和行为嗜睡有关。