Centre for Accident Research and Road Safety - Queensland (CARRS-Q), Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 130 Victoria Park Rd, Kelvin Grove, Qld, 4059, Australia.
Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Kelvin Grove, Australia.
Atten Percept Psychophys. 2022 Feb;84(2):418-426. doi: 10.3758/s13414-021-02424-9. Epub 2022 Jan 4.
Experiencing sleepiness when driving is associated with increased crash risk. An increasing number of studies have examined on-road driver sleepiness; however, these studies typically assess the effect of sleepiness during the late night or early morning hours when sleep pressure is approaching its greatest. An on-road driving study was performed to assess how a range of physiological and sleepiness measures are impacted when driving during the daytime and evening when moderate sleepiness is experienced. In total, 27 participants (14 women and 13 men) completed a driving session in a rural town lasting approximately 60 minutes, while physiological sleepiness (heart rate variability), subjective sleepiness, eye tracking data, vehicle kinematic data and GPS speed data were recorded. Daytime driving sessions began at 12:00 or 14:00, with the evening sessions beginning at 19:30 or 20:30; only a subset of participants (n = 11) completing the evening sessions (daytime and evening order counterbalanced). The results suggest reductions in the horizontal and vertical scanning ranges occurred during the initial 40 minutes of driving for both daytime and evening sessions, but with evening sessions reductions in scanning ranges occurred across the entire driving session. Moreover, during evening driving there was an increase in physiological and subjective sleepiness levels. The results demonstrate meaningful increases in sleepiness and reductions in eye scanning when driving during both the daytime and particularly in the evening. Thus, drivers need to remain vigilant when driving during the daytime and the evening.
驾驶时感到困倦与增加撞车风险有关。越来越多的研究已经检查了道路上驾驶员的困倦；然而，这些研究通常评估深夜或清晨睡眠压力最大时的困倦影响。进行了一项道路驾驶研究，以评估当白天和傍晚感到适度困倦时，一系列生理和困倦测量值如何受到影响。总共 27 名参与者（14 名女性和 13 名男性）在一个农村小镇完成了大约 60 分钟的驾驶，同时记录了生理困倦（心率变异性）、主观困倦、眼动追踪数据、车辆运动学数据和 GPS 速度数据。白天的驾驶时段从 12:00 或 14:00 开始，傍晚时段从 19:30 或 20:30 开始；只有一部分参与者（n=11）完成了傍晚时段的驾驶（白天和傍晚的顺序平衡）。结果表明，白天和傍晚的驾驶开始的前 40 分钟内，水平和垂直扫描范围都有所减少，但傍晚时段的扫描范围在整个驾驶过程中都减少了。此外，在夜间驾驶时，生理和主观困倦水平会增加。结果表明，白天和尤其是傍晚驾驶时，困倦程度显著增加，眼睛扫描次数减少。因此，驾驶员在白天和傍晚驾驶时都需要保持警惕。
