National Animal Protozoa Laboratory & College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
Parasitol Res. 2012 Apr;110(4):1495-500. doi: 10.1007/s00436-011-2653-4. Epub 2011 Oct 6.
The current study examined the prevalence of Eimeria infections in domestic rabbits in China. A total of 480 faecal samples were collected from 48 farms in 14 provinces of China. Each faecal sample was subjected to oocyst counting and oocyst isolation. The Eimeria species from samples containing isolated and sporulated oocysts were morphologically identified under microscope. The overall prevalence of infections was 41.9% (201/480). Northwest China had the highest prevalence (70%), followed closely by Northeast China (65%) and Southwest China (62.5%). The prevalences in North China (34%) and South China (25.8%) were significantly lower. The large and medium farms had lower prevalences (34.2% and 37.2%, respectively) than the small farms (61.4%). Coccidian oocysts were found in 42.2% (76/180) of faecal samples from meat rabbits, 40% (28/70) from angora rabbits and 44.7% (85/190) from Rex rabbit. In total, ten species of Eimeria were identified from oocyst-positive samples. Concurrent infection with two to eight Eimeria species was found. E. perforans was the most prevalent species (35.2%), followed in order by E. media, E. magna, E. irresidua and E. intestinalis with prevalences of 31.3%, 28.8%, 19.4%, and 14.8%, respectively. Taken together, These results reveal the characteristics of the prevelance of rabbit coccidia infection in China, including the distribution, the scale of farming and the species, which are indispensable to the control of rabbits coccidiosis in China.
本研究调查了中国家兔中艾美耳球虫感染的流行情况。从中国 14 个省的 48 个农场采集了 480 份粪便样本。每份粪便样本均进行卵囊计数和卵囊分离。对含有分离和孢子化卵囊的样本中的艾美耳球虫物种进行形态学鉴定。总的感染率为 41.9%（201/480）。西北地区的感染率最高（70%），其次是东北地区（65%）和西南地区（62.5%）。华北地区（34%）和华南地区（25.8%）的感染率明显较低。大型和中型农场的感染率（分别为 34.2%和 37.2%）低于小型农场（61.4%）。在肉兔粪便样本（42.2%，76/180）、安哥拉兔粪便样本（40%，28/70）和雷克斯兔粪便样本（44.7%，85/190）中均发现了球虫卵囊。从卵囊阳性样本中鉴定出了十种艾美耳球虫。发现两种至八种艾美耳球虫同时感染。感染率最高的是 E. perforans（35.2%），其次是 E. media、E. magna、E. irresidua 和 E. intestinalis，感染率分别为 31.3%、28.8%、19.4%和 14.8%。综上所述，这些结果揭示了中国兔球虫感染流行的特征，包括分布、养殖规模和种类，这对控制中国兔球虫病是必不可少的。
