Takahashi M, Suzuki K
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1979 Jan;28(1):122-35. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.1979.28.122.
Culex tritaeniorhynchus and C. pipiens mosquitoes were infected with Japanese encephalitis virus either by intrathoracic injection or by membrane feeding. The virus maturation sites and the process of virus particle concentration in salivary gland cells were studied by electron microscopy. Occurrence of mature virions was primarily associated with intracytoplasmic viral matrices which were extraordinarily large and had a perinuclear location in C. pipiens mosquitoes. The other sign of virus replication was the proliferation of small spherical vesicles throughout the cytoplasm. It appeared that mature virions were entrapped in intracellular vacuoles and later released into the apical cavity of salivary gland cells through the fusion of these vacuoles with the apical plasma membrane. This process seemed to be associated with primary resynthesis of saliva in mosquitoes following blood feeding activity. Another type of shedding involved virus particles either singly or in mass being released directly through the apical plasma membrane. All of these events occurred only in cells of the lateral lobes of the salivary glands, which fact was confirmed by immunofluorescent staining of infected glands. The median lobe of mosquito salivary glands may have a minor or no role in the transmission of Japanese encephalitis virus.
三带喙库蚊和致倦库蚊通过胸腔注射或膜饲法感染日本脑炎病毒。通过电子显微镜研究了病毒成熟位点以及唾液腺细胞中病毒粒子浓缩过程。成熟病毒粒子的出现主要与胞质内病毒基质有关，这些基质非常大，在致倦库蚊中位于核周。病毒复制的另一个迹象是整个细胞质中小球形囊泡的增殖。似乎成熟病毒粒子被困在细胞内液泡中，随后通过这些液泡与顶端质膜融合而释放到唾液腺细胞的顶端腔中。这个过程似乎与蚊子吸血活动后唾液的初次再合成有关。另一种释放类型涉及病毒粒子单个或成批直接通过顶端质膜释放。所有这些事件仅发生在唾液腺侧叶的细胞中，这一事实通过对感染腺体的免疫荧光染色得到证实。蚊子唾液腺的中叶在日本脑炎病毒传播中可能作用较小或无作用。
