Institute for Science and Technology Education, University of South Africa, Pretoria, South Africa.
Int J Phytoremediation. 2011 Aug;13(7):627-41. doi: 10.1080/15226514.2010.525551.
This study reports on the use of Chromolaena odorata (L) R.M. King and H. Robinson, an Asteraceae (compositae) and an invasive alien weed in Africa for the remediation of soil contaminated with used engine oil. Used engine oilfrom a motor service garage was used to artificially contaminate soil taken from a garden to give total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) of between 1 and 40 g kg(-1). Chromolaena odorata (L), propagated by stem cuttings were transplanted into the contaminated soil and watered just enough to keep the soil at about 70% water holding capacity for 90 day. A set of control experiments containing 40 g kg(-1) used engine oil but without plants was set up. All experiments were set up in triplicates. Although the plants in the experiments containing higher than 30 g kg(-1) used engine oil showed relatively slower growth (fewer branches and leaves, and shorter in height) compared to those containing lower concentrations, the plants in all the experiments continued to grow until the end of the 90 day period. Residual TPH after 90 days showed that between 21 and 100% of oil was lost from the planted soil while only 11.5% was lost in the control, which did not contain plants during the same period. Analysis of plant tissues showed that both shoot and root tissues contained detectable levels of TPH and selected PAHs were also detectable. Biomass accumulation by Chromolaena odorata was affected adversely by concentrations of oil higher than 20 g kg(-1). Results of germination rates and germination energy measurements showed that Chromolaena odorata was able to reduce the toxicity of the contaminated soil after 90 days as compared to soils containing freshly contaminated soiL
本研究报告了利用 Asteraceae（菊科）外来入侵杂草 Chromolaena odorata（L）R.M. King 和 H. Robinson 修复受污染土壤的情况。使用来自汽车维修店的废机油人为污染取自花园的土壤，使总石油烃（TPH）含量在 1 至 40 g kg(-1) 之间。将通过茎切段繁殖的 Chromolaena odorata（L）移栽到受污染的土壤中，并适量浇水，使土壤保持在约 70%的持水能力，持续 90 天。还设置了一组含有 40 g kg(-1)废机油但不含植物的对照实验。所有实验均设 3 个重复。尽管实验中含有高于 30 g kg(-1)废机油的植物与含有较低浓度机油的植物相比生长相对较慢（较少的枝叶，较短的高度），但所有实验中的植物仍继续生长，直到 90 天结束。90 天后的 TPH 残留表明，种植土壤中的油有 21%至 100%损失，而不含植物的对照土壤仅损失 11.5%。对植物组织的分析表明，茎和根组织都含有可检测水平的 TPH，所选 PAHs 也可检测到。Chromolaena odorata 的生物量积累受到高于 20 g kg(-1)油浓度的不利影响。发芽率和发芽能量测量的结果表明，与含有新鲜污染土壤的土壤相比，Chromolaena odorata 在 90 天后能够降低污染土壤的毒性。
