Monash University Accident Research Centre, Monash University, Clayton Campus, Victoria, Australia.
Traffic Inj Prev. 2011 Oct;12(5):508-17. doi: 10.1080/15389588.2011.587066.
Far-side impacts are not part of any regulated NCAP, FMVSS, or similar test regime despite accounting for 43 percent of the seriously injured persons and 30 percent of the harm in U.S. side impact crashes. Furthermore, injuries to the head and thorax account for over half of the serious injuries sustained by occupants in far-side crashes. Despite this, there is no regulated or well-accepted anthropomorphic test device (ATD) or computer model available to investigate far-side impacts. As such, this presents an opportunity to assess a computer model that can be used to measure the effect of varying restraint parameters on occupant biomechanics in far-side impacts.
This study sets out to demonstrate the modified TASS human facet model's (MOTHMO) capabilities in modeling whole-body response in far-side impacts.
MOTHMO's dynamic response was compared to that of postmortem human subjects (PMHS), WorldSID, and Thor-NT in a series of far-side sled tests. The advantages, disadvantages, and differences of using MOTHMO compared to ATDs were highlighted and described in terms of model design and instrumentation. Potential applications and improvements for MOTHMO were also recommended.
The results showed that MOTHMO is capable of replicating the seat belt-to-shoulder complex interaction, pelvis impacts, head displacement, neck and shoulder belt loading from inboard mounted belts, and impacts from multiple directions. Overall, the model performed better than Thor-NT and at least as well as WorldSID when compared to PMHS results. Though WorldSID and Thor-NT ATDs were capable of reproducing many of these impact loads, measuring the seat belt-to-shoulder complex interaction and thoracic deflection at multiple sites and directions was less accurately handled.
This study demonstrated that MOTHMO is capable of modeling whole-body response in far-side impacts. Furthermore, MOTHMO can be used as a virtual design tool to explore the effect of varying restraint parameters on occupant kinematics in far-side crash configurations.
尽管远侧碰撞在占美国侧面碰撞中严重受伤人数的 43%和伤害人数的 30%的情况下并未纳入任何规定的 NCAP、FMVSS 或类似的测试方案，但它并非该方案的一部分。此外，头部和胸部受伤占远侧碰撞中乘员严重受伤的一半以上。尽管如此，仍没有经过监管或广泛认可的人体模型测试设备（ATD）或计算机模型可用于研究远侧碰撞。因此，这为评估一种可用于测量不同约束参数对远侧碰撞中乘员生物力学影响的计算机模型提供了机会。
本研究旨在展示改良 TASS 人脸模型（MOTHMO）在模拟远侧碰撞中整体身体反应的能力。
在一系列远侧碰撞滑橇试验中，将 MOTHMO 的动态响应与尸体人体模型（PMHS）、WorldSID 和 Thor-NT 进行了比较。从模型设计和仪器仪表的角度，突出并描述了与 ATD 相比使用 MOTHMO 的优缺点和差异。还为 MOTHMO 推荐了潜在的应用和改进。
结果表明，MOTHMO 能够复制安全带-肩部复合体的相互作用、骨盆冲击、头部位移、来自内侧安装安全带的颈部和肩部安全带加载以及来自多个方向的冲击。总体而言，与 PMHS 结果相比，该模型的性能优于 Thor-NT，至少与 WorldSID 一样好。尽管 WorldSID 和 Thor-NT ATD 能够复制许多这些冲击载荷，但在多个部位和方向上测量安全带-肩部复合体的相互作用和胸部挠度的精度较低。
本研究表明，MOTHMO 能够模拟远侧碰撞中的整体身体反应。此外，MOTHMO 可用作虚拟设计工具，以研究在远侧碰撞配置中不同约束参数对乘员运动学的影响。
