Cognitive Psychopathology and Neuropsychology Unit, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
Cogn Emot. 2012;26(4):748-57. doi: 10.1080/02699931.2011.613917. Epub 2011 Oct 5.
Negative emotions increase self-focused attention, a core feature of depression and anxiety-related disorders. However, the cognitive mechanisms associated with the tendency to self-focus-and, conversely, with the ability to voluntarily disengage attentional resources from the self and direct them towards the external environment-remain poorly understood. Thus, this study aimed to examine whether a specific cognitive control mechanism that directs attention between self-generated thoughts and external information might moderate the relationship between dysphoria and maladaptive self-referential thinking. Results showed that dysphoria increases the frequency of rumination, self-blame, and catastrophising, especially for participants who have more difficulty in switching from self-generated thoughts to information provided by the environment. These results shed new light on the cognitive mechanisms underlying maladaptive self-referential thinking associated with dysphoria. More specifically, this specific cognitive mechanism might play a key role in the maintenance or amplification of a depressed mood.
负面情绪会增加自我关注，这是抑郁和焦虑相关障碍的核心特征。然而，与自我关注的倾向相关的认知机制，以及相反地，与自愿将注意力资源从自我转移到外部环境的能力相关的认知机制，仍未被很好地理解。因此，本研究旨在探讨一种特定的认知控制机制，即注意力在自我产生的想法和外部信息之间的转移，是否可以调节抑郁和适应不良的自我参照思维之间的关系。研究结果表明，抑郁会增加反刍、自责和灾难化思维的频率，尤其是对于那些更难以将注意力从自我产生的想法转移到环境提供的信息上的参与者。这些结果为与抑郁相关的适应不良的自我参照思维的认知机制提供了新的视角。更具体地说，这种特定的认知机制可能在维持或放大抑郁情绪方面发挥关键作用。
