Department of Psychology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E9, Canada.
J Acoust Soc Am. 2011 Oct;130(4):2249-56. doi: 10.1121/1.3628343.
The tseet contact call, common to black-capped (Poecile atricapillus) and mountain chickadees (P. gambeli), is the most frequently produced vocalization of each species. Previous work has characterized the tseet call of black-capped and mountain chickadees from different geographic locations in terms of nine acoustic features. In the current study, using similar methods, the tseet call of black-capped chickadees that were hand reared with either conspecifics, heterospecifics (mountain chickadees), or in isolation from adult chickadees are described. Analysis of call features examined which acoustic features were most affected by rearing environment, and revealed that starting frequency and the slope of the descending portion of the tseet call differed between black-capped chickadees reared with either conspecific or heterospecific adults. Birds reared in isolation from adults differed from the other hand-reared groups on almost every acoustic feature. Chickadee tseet calls are more individualized when they are reared with adult conspecifics or heterospecifics compared to chickadees that are reared in isolation from adults. The current results suggest a role of learning in this commonly used contact call.
山雀的咂嘴声是其最常发出的叫声，在黑头山雀（Poecile atricapillus）和高山山雀（P. gambeli）中都很常见。先前的研究已经从九个声学特征方面对来自不同地理位置的黑头山雀和高山山雀的咂嘴声进行了描述。在当前的研究中，我们使用了类似的方法，描述了在有同种个体、异种个体（高山山雀）或与成年山雀隔离的情况下，由人工饲养的黑头山雀发出的咂嘴声。对叫声特征的分析考察了哪些声学特征受饲养环境的影响最大，结果表明，起始频率和咂嘴声下降部分的斜率在与同种或异种种群饲养的黑头山雀之间存在差异。与其他人工饲养组相比，与成年个体隔离饲养的山雀在几乎所有声学特征上都存在差异。与与成年个体隔离饲养的山雀相比，与成年同种或异种种群饲养的山雀发出的咂嘴声更具个体性。这些结果表明，学习在这种常用的联络叫声中发挥了作用。
