Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland.
J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich). 2011 Oct;13(10):774-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1751-7176.2011.00496.x. Epub 2011 Jul 14.
The purpose of the study was to investigate blood pressure (BP) distribution, prevalence of hypertension, and correlation between BP and body mass index (BMI) in 9- to 10-year-old Icelandic children. Two manual and two automated BP measurements were performed in 1071 Icelandic children. Children with elevated BP underwent a second BP screening, and a third screening was performed if the BP was elevated at the second visit. Hypertension was defined as BP ≥95th percentile at all three visits. White-coat hypertension was diagnosed in hypertensive children with normal 24-hour ambulatory BP. Of 970 children with complete data, 489 were girls (50.4%). The mean BP was 111/63 mm Hg in girls and 112/64 mm Hg in boys (P<.001). The prevalence of elevated BP was 13.1%, 6.0%, and 3.1% after the first, second, and third screen, respectively. The prevalence of sustained hypertension was 2.5% and an additional 0.6% had white-coat hypertension. A significant correlation between BMI and BP was observed (r=0.338, P<.001) and 8.6% of the obese children had hypertension. The prevalence of hypertension in 9- to 10-year-old Icelandic children is lower than indicated in recent reports and is associated with obesity.
这项研究的目的是调查 9-10 岁冰岛儿童的血压（BP）分布、高血压患病率以及 BP 与体重指数（BMI）之间的相关性。1071 名冰岛儿童接受了两次手动和两次自动 BP 测量。BP 升高的儿童接受了第二次 BP 筛查，如果第二次就诊时 BP 仍然升高，则进行第三次筛查。高血压定义为三次就诊时 BP 均≥第 95 百分位。在高血压儿童中，如果 24 小时动态血压正常，则诊断为白大衣性高血压。在 970 名具有完整数据的儿童中，有 489 名女孩（50.4%）。女孩的平均 BP 为 111/63mmHg，男孩为 112/64mmHg（P<.001）。第一次、第二次和第三次筛查后，BP 升高的患病率分别为 13.1%、6.0%和 3.1%。持续性高血压的患病率为 2.5%，另有 0.6%的儿童患有白大衣性高血压。观察到 BMI 与 BP 之间存在显著相关性（r=0.338，P<.001），8.6%的肥胖儿童患有高血压。9-10 岁冰岛儿童的高血压患病率低于近期报告所显示的患病率，且与肥胖有关。
