The Institute of Living, Hartford, CT 06106, USA.
Behav Res Ther. 2011 Dec;49(12):914-9. doi: 10.1016/j.brat.2011.09.005. Epub 2011 Sep 28.
Current models of hoarding disorder (HD) emphasize problems of decision-making. Evidence for neuropsychological impairment in HD, however, has been mixed. The present study examined whether HD patients show problems of economic reasoning that could be associated with decision-making problems. Forty-two HD patients, 29 obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) patients, and 36 healthy control participants completed the Iowa gambling task (IGT), a computerized card playing game that assesses participants' ability to learn and utilize a rule of sacrificing short-term gain for long-term gain, and a cognitive dissonance reduction task that measured changes in preference for items (art prints) after selecting or rejecting them. Results showed no deficits on the IGT for HD participants, and no difference in dissonance reduction results after selecting or rejecting items on the dissonance reduction task. Furthermore, performance on these two tasks was unrelated to hoarding symptom severity or self-reported indecisiveness. It is suggested that the problems of cognitive processing in HD patients may be largely related to as-yet understudied processes, including idiosyncratic categorization problems for personally-owned items as well as other aspects of economic reasoning.
目前的囤积障碍(HD)模型强调决策问题。然而,HD 患者存在神经认知损伤的证据存在分歧。本研究探讨了 HD 患者是否存在与决策问题相关的经济推理问题。42 名 HD 患者、29 名强迫症(OCD)患者和 36 名健康对照组参与者完成了爱荷华赌博任务(IGT),这是一种计算机纸牌游戏,可评估参与者学习和利用规则牺牲短期收益以获得长期收益的能力,以及认知失调减少任务,该任务测量选择或拒绝项目后对项目(艺术印刷品)的偏好变化。结果显示,HD 参与者在 IGT 上没有表现出缺陷,并且在选择或拒绝项目后,在认知失调减少任务上的减少结果没有差异。此外,这两项任务的表现与囤积症状严重程度或自我报告的犹豫不决无关。因此,HD 患者的认知加工问题可能在很大程度上与尚未充分研究的过程有关,包括对个人拥有物品的特殊分类问题以及其他经济推理方面。