Reddy Sreenivasulu, Kumar Pramod, Prasad Keerthana
Department of Anatomy, Kasturba Medical College International Center, Manipal, India.
Urol Ann. 2011 Sep;3(3):141-6. doi: 10.4103/0974-7796.84968.
Renal artery stenosis (RAS) and acute renal failure may be due to the intimal hyperplasia and sympathetic fibers of the renal artery (RA), respectively. The purpose of this study was to characterize arterial wall and sympathetic innervation of the human RA.
Fifty-two fresh human RA samples (proximal part) were collected from 26 cadavers (19 males and 7 females), between the ages of 19 and 83 years, during autopsy. Samples were divided into three age groups: Group 1, 19-40 years; Group 2, 41-60 years; Group 3, over 61 years. 5-μm thick sections of each sample were taken and stained with hematoxylin-eosin and Verhoeff-Van Gieson. Five out of 52 samples were processed for tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) immunostaining.
Our histological studies revealed that tunica media of RA showed smooth muscle cells and fine irregularly arranged elastic fibers. Intimal hyperplasia was the most common finding. The present study showed that thickness of tunica intima and media were found to increase with age. Sympathetic nerves were present in the tunica adventitia and outer media of the RA. The mean adventitial and sympathetic nerve fiber areas were found to be 0.595 and 0.071 mm(2), respectively. Sympathetic index (SI) to RA was calculated by dividing the sympathetic fiber area by the adventitial area of the RA. SI of RA was found to be 0.140.
We conclude that RA showed the structure of musculo-elastic artery. SI may be used for the analysis of sympathetic fiber related problems of the human RA or kidneys.
肾动脉狭窄（RAS）和急性肾衰竭可能分别归因于肾动脉（RA）的内膜增生和交感神经纤维。本研究的目的是描述人类肾动脉的动脉壁和交感神经支配情况。
在尸检过程中，从26具尸体（19例男性和7例女性）中收集了52个新鲜的人类肾动脉近端样本，年龄在19至83岁之间。样本分为三个年龄组：第1组，19 - 40岁；第2组，41 - 60岁；第3组，61岁以上。对每个样本制作5μm厚的切片，并用苏木精 - 伊红和Verhoeff - Van Gieson染色。52个样本中的5个进行酪氨酸羟化酶（TH）免疫染色处理。
我们的组织学研究表明，肾动脉的中膜显示出平滑肌细胞和排列不规则的细弹性纤维。内膜增生是最常见的发现。本研究表明，内膜和中膜的厚度随年龄增加。交感神经存在于肾动脉的外膜和中膜外层。外膜和交感神经纤维的平均面积分别为0.595平方毫米和0.071平方毫米。通过将交感神经纤维面积除以肾动脉外膜面积来计算肾动脉的交感神经指数（SI）。肾动脉的SI为0.140。
我们得出结论，肾动脉呈现出肌弹性动脉的结构。SI可用于分析人类肾动脉或肾脏与交感神经纤维相关的问题。
