Ammerman R T
Department of Research and Clinical Psychology, Western Pennsylvania School for Blind Children, Pittsburgh 15213-1499.
Behav Modif. 1990 Jul;14(3):230-54. doi: 10.1177/01454455900143002.
Child abuse and neglect are complex phenomena that require a multidisciplinary perspective. This article describes current etiological formulations of child maltreatment. Three models (ecological, transactional, and transitional) are described that delineate the multiple pathways leading to abuse and neglect. These approaches emphasize the interaction of causative factors in bringing about maltreatment and the importance of high- and low-risk characteristics that differentially influence the development of maltreatment. Behavioral explanations of child maltreatment are also discussed. Particularly relevant here are observational learning, anger control, and coercive family processes. Finally, the implications of our understanding of etiology to assessment, treatment, and prevention are outlined and considered.
虐待和忽视儿童是复杂的现象，需要多学科视角。本文描述了当前虐待儿童的病因学理论。介绍了三种模型（生态模型、交互作用模型和过渡模型），这些模型描绘了导致虐待和忽视的多种途径。这些方法强调了导致虐待的各种因素之间的相互作用，以及对虐待发展产生不同影响的高风险和低风险特征的重要性。还讨论了对虐待儿童行为的解释。这里特别相关的是观察性学习、愤怒控制和强制性家庭过程。最后，概述并探讨了我们对病因学的理解对评估、治疗和预防的意义。
