Kramer M R, Uttamchandani R B
Department of Medicine, University of Miami School of Medicine.
Chest. 1990 Aug;98(2):382-5. doi: 10.1378/chest.98.2.382.
Pulmonary nocardiosis is a well-described infection in immunocompromised patients; however, it is less well documented in patients with AIDS. The pulmonary manifestation in 21 HIV-positive patients who developed pulmonary infection with Nocardia asteroides is described. The radiographic picture included lobar or multilobar consolidation (52 percent [11/21]), solitary masses (24 percent [5/21]), reticulonodular infiltrates (33 percent [7/21]), and pleural effusion (33 percent [7/21]). Cavitation was common (62 percent [13/21]), and upper lobes were more commonly involved (71 percent [15/21]). Although the radiographic picture is variable, nocardiosis should be suspected in an HIV-positive patient who has subacute pulmonary disease with an unexplained lung mass or cavitary lesions.
肺诺卡菌病在免疫功能低下患者中是一种广为人知的感染；然而，在艾滋病患者中的记录较少。本文描述了21例感染星形诺卡菌的HIV阳性患者的肺部表现。影像学表现包括大叶或多叶实变（52%[11/21]）、孤立性肿块（24%[5/21]）、网状结节状浸润（33%[7/21]）和胸腔积液（33%[7/21]）。空洞形成很常见（62%[13/21]），且上叶更常受累（71%[15/21]）。尽管影像学表现多样，但对于患有亚急性肺部疾病且有不明原因肺部肿块或空洞性病变的HIV阳性患者，应怀疑诺卡菌病。
