School of Psychology, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia.
Psychol Health. 2012;27(6):655-73. doi: 10.1080/08870446.2011.615396. Epub 2011 Oct 7.
Regular mammography facilitates early detection of breast cancer, and thus increases the chances of survival from this disease. Daughter-initiated (i.e. upward) communication about mammography within mother-daughter dyads may promote mammography to women of screening age. The current study examined this communication behaviour within the context of the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB), and aimed to bridge the intention-behaviour gap by trialling an implementation intention (II) intervention that aimed to facilitate upward family communication about mammography. Young women aged 18-39 (N=116) were assigned to either a control or experimental condition, and the latter group formed IIs about initiating a conversation with an older female family member about mammography. Overall, those who formed IIs were more likely to engage in the target communication behaviour, however the intervention was most effective for those who reported low levels of intention at baseline. Perceived behavioural control emerged as the most important variable in predicting the target behaviour. The altruistic nature of this behaviour, and the fact that it is not wholly under volitional control, may have contributed to this finding. Future studies that systematically explore the relative roles of intention and perceived behavioural control in behaviours of this nature are warranted.
定期进行乳房 X 光检查有助于早期发现乳腺癌，从而提高了患者的生存机会。在母女二人组中，由女儿主动（即向上）发起关于乳房 X 光检查的交流，可能会促使处于筛查年龄的女性接受乳房 X 光检查。本研究在计划行为理论（TPB）的背景下探讨了这种交流行为，并旨在通过试验实施意图（II）干预来弥合意图与行为之间的差距，该干预旨在促进向上的家庭关于乳房 X 光检查的沟通。年龄在 18-39 岁的年轻女性（N=116）被分配到对照组或实验组，后者组形成了关于与年长的女性家庭成员就乳房 X 光检查开始对话的实施意图。总体而言，形成 II 的人更有可能进行目标沟通行为，但对于那些在基线时报告意图水平较低的人，干预效果最为明显。可感知的行为控制是预测目标行为的最重要变量。这种行为的利他性质，以及它不完全受意志控制的事实，可能促成了这一发现。未来的研究应该系统地探索意图和可感知的行为控制在这种性质的行为中的相对作用。
