Di Rocco F, Posik D M, Ripoli M V, Díaz S, Maté M L, Giovambattista G, Vidal-Rioja L
Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Celular, CCT-CONICET, La Plata, Argentina.
Leg Med (Tokyo). 2011 Nov;13(6):289-92. doi: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2011.08.001. Epub 2011 Oct 7.
South American camelids comprise the wild species guanaco and vicuña and their respective domestic relatives llama and alpaca. The aim of the present study was to determine by DNA analysis to which of these species belong a herd of camelids confiscated from a llama breeder but alleged to be alpacas by the prosecution, and to evaluate the usefulness of mitochondrial and autosomal DNA markers to solve judicial cases involving camelid taxa. Cytochrome b and cytochrome oxidase I mitochondrial genes and 7 STR were analyzed in 25 confiscated samples. Mitochondrial results were inconclusive because 18 of the sequestered samples presented haplotypes that corresponded to the guanaco haplogroup and the remaining seven belonged to a vicuña linage. Microsatellite data of casework samples and llama reference samples revealed different genetic profiles by the presence of private alleles at two microsatellites suggesting that the confiscated animals could be alpaca, or at least alpaca hybrids instead of pure llama.
南美洲骆驼科动物包括野生的原驼和小羊驼以及它们各自的家养近亲骆驼和羊驼。本研究的目的是通过DNA分析确定一群从骆驼养殖户没收的骆驼科动物属于这些物种中的哪一种，而检方称这些动物为羊驼，并评估线粒体和常染色体DNA标记在解决涉及骆驼科分类群的司法案件中的实用性。对25个没收样本的细胞色素b和细胞色素氧化酶I线粒体基因以及7个短串联重复序列进行了分析。线粒体结果尚无定论，因为18个被扣押样本呈现出与原驼单倍型群相对应的单倍型，其余7个属于小羊驼谱系。案件样本和骆驼参考样本的微卫星数据显示，两个微卫星上存在私有等位基因，从而揭示了不同的遗传图谱，这表明没收的动物可能是羊驼，或者至少是羊驼杂种，而不是纯种骆驼。
