Fraser I S, Zhuang G L
Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, University of Sydney, Australia.
Obstet Gynecol Surv. 1990 Aug;45(8):515-20. doi: 10.1097/00006254-199008000-00003.
Elevated levels of prolactin are known to cause a range of disturbances of ovarian function. However, in a small number of women, sustained hyperprolactinemia has been found by chance in association with apparently normal ovarian function and normal fertility. In these women the dominant form of circulating prolactin has been found by gel chromatography to be a polymeric form of large molecular size, 'big-big' prolactin (BBPRL), with similar immunoreactivity to monomeric prolactin (PRL) but much lower biological activity. In a few cases an intermediate polymeric form, 'big' prolactin (BPRL), has also been described. The exact nature and biological significance of polymeric forms of prolactin remain unclear. It has been shown that concentrations of BBPRL in the circulation in individual women change more slowly and less profoundly than concentrations of PRL in various physiological and pharmacological situations. Minor changes occur during the menstrual cycle, while increases of PRL and BBPRL occur progressively during pregnancy. In pregnancy PRL rises much more than BBPRL. Acute stimulation with metoclopramide, TRH, or suckling favors the production of PRL, although BBPRL also rises to a small extent. During treatment with bromocriptine the proportion of PRL in the circulation is markedly reduced, while BBPRL falls to a much lesser extent. Further study is required before it can be proved that BBPRL and BPRL have no biological significance. There is much controversy regarding the structure and mechanism of production of polymeric forms of prolactin. There is no evidence of a circulating factor in serum which binds several molecules to form BBPRL.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
已知催乳素水平升高会导致一系列卵巢功能紊乱。然而，在少数女性中，偶然发现持续性高催乳素血症与明显正常的卵巢功能和正常生育能力相关。在这些女性中，通过凝胶色谱法发现循环催乳素的主要形式是大分子大小的聚合形式，即“大大”催乳素（BBPRL），其免疫反应性与单体催乳素（PRL）相似，但生物活性低得多。在少数情况下，还描述了一种中间聚合形式，即“大”催乳素（BPRL）。催乳素聚合形式的确切性质和生物学意义仍不清楚。研究表明，在各种生理和药理情况下，个体女性循环中BBPRL的浓度变化比PRL的浓度变化更缓慢、更不明显。月经周期中会发生微小变化，而怀孕期间PRL和BBPRL会逐渐升高。怀孕期间PRL的升高幅度远大于BBPRL。用甲氧氯普胺、促甲状腺激素释放激素或哺乳进行急性刺激有利于PRL的产生，尽管BBPRL也会有小幅升高。在用溴隐亭治疗期间，循环中PRL的比例会显著降低，而BBPRL的下降幅度要小得多。在证明BBPRL和BPRL没有生物学意义之前，还需要进一步研究。关于催乳素聚合形式的结构和产生机制存在很多争议。没有证据表明血清中有循环因子能结合多个分子形成BBPRL。（摘要截短至250字）
