School of Social Work, University of Washington, 4101 15th Avenue NE, Seattle, WA 98105-6299, USA.
Prev Sci. 2012 Apr;13(2):162-72. doi: 10.1007/s11121-011-0253-2.
The aim of this study was to examine the pathways that link mothers' early life socio economic status (SES) and mothers' experience of childhood maltreatment with birth weight among their later born offspring. Data were drawn from a nationally representative longitudinal survey of school-aged respondents, initially enrolled during adolescence in Wave I (1994-1995) and Wave II (1996) of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health and followed-up in adulthood in Wave III (2001-2002). Data on offspring birth weight were obtained from nulliparous females (N = 1,897) who had given birth between Waves II and III. Analyses used structural equation modeling to examine the extent to which early life maternal risk predicted offspring birth weight, and demonstrated that maternal childhood SES and maternal childhood maltreatment predicted offspring birth weight through several mediated pathways. First, maternal adolescent substance use and prenatal cigarette use partially mediated the association between maternal childhood SES and offspring birth weight. Second, maternal adolescent depressive symptoms and adult SES partially mediated the association between maternal childhood SES and offspring birth weight. Third, adult SES partially mediated the association between maternal childhood SES and offspring birth weight. Fourth, maternal adolescent substance use and prenatal cigarette use partially mediated the association between maternal childhood maltreatment and offspring birth weight. Finally, maternal adolescent depressive symptoms and adult SES partially mediated the association between maternal childhood maltreatment and offspring birth weight. To our knowledge, this is the first study to identify maternal childhood maltreatment as an early life risk factor for offspring birth weight among a nationally representative sample of young women, and to demonstrate the mechanisms that link childhood SES and maltreatment to offspring birth weight. These findings suggest the importance of designing and implementing prevention and intervention strategies to address early life maternal social conditions in an effort to improve inter generational child health at birth.
这项研究的目的是探讨母亲早年社会经济地位（SES）和母亲童年期虐待经历与她们后来出生的子女出生体重之间的联系途径。数据来自一项全国代表性的青少年纵向调查，最初在青少年时期（1994-1995 年和 1996 年）招募，然后在成年期（2001-2002 年）进行了第三次调查。关于子女出生体重的数据来自于两次调查之间生育过子女的未育女性（N=1897）。使用结构方程模型分析了早期母亲风险对子女出生体重的影响程度，结果表明，母亲童年 SES 和母亲童年期虐待通过多种中介途径预测了子女的出生体重。首先，母亲青少年时期的物质使用和产前吸烟部分中介了母亲童年 SES 和子女出生体重之间的关系。其次，母亲青少年时期的抑郁症状和成年 SES 部分中介了母亲童年 SES 和子女出生体重之间的关系。第三，成年 SES 部分中介了母亲童年 SES 和子女出生体重之间的关系。第四，母亲青少年时期的物质使用和产前吸烟部分中介了母亲童年期虐待和子女出生体重之间的关系。最后，母亲青少年时期的抑郁症状和成年 SES 部分中介了母亲童年期虐待和子女出生体重之间的关系。据我们所知，这是第一项在全国代表性的年轻女性样本中确定母亲童年期虐待作为子女出生体重的早期生活风险因素的研究，并证明了将童年 SES 和虐待与子女出生体重联系起来的机制。这些发现表明，设计和实施预防和干预策略以解决早期母亲社会状况的重要性，以努力改善出生时的代际儿童健康。
