Sardinha José Felipe Jardim, Tarlé Roberto Gomes, Fava Vinícius Medeiros, Francio Angela Schneider, Ramos Geovana Brotto, Ferreira Luiz Carlos de Lima, Schriefer Nicolaus Albert Borges, Mira Marcelo Távora, Talhari Sinésio
Tropical Medicine Foundation of Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil.
An Bras Dermatol. 2011 Jul-Aug;86(4):708-15. doi: 10.1590/s0365-05962011000400013.
In the pre-microbiological era, it was widely accepted that diseases, today known to be infectious, were hereditary. With the discovery of microorganisms and their role in the pathogenesis of several diseases, it was suggested that exposure to the pathogen was enough to explain infection. Nowadays, it is clear that infection is the result of a complex interplay between pathogen and host, therefore dependant on the genetic make-up of the two organisms. Dermatology offers several examples of infectious diseases in different stages of understanding of their molecular basis. In this review, we summarize the main advances towards dissecting the genetic component controlling human susceptibility to infectious diseases of interest in dermatology. Widely investigated diseases such as leprosy and leishmaniasis are discussed from the genetic perspective of both host and pathogen. Others, such as rare mycobacterioses, fungal infections and syphilis, are presented as good opportunities for research in the field of genetics of infection.
在微生物学时代之前，人们普遍认为，如今已知具有传染性的疾病是遗传性的。随着微生物的发现及其在多种疾病发病机制中的作用被揭示，有人提出接触病原体就足以解释感染现象。如今，很明显感染是病原体与宿主之间复杂相互作用的结果，因此取决于这两种生物体的基因构成。皮肤病学提供了多个在对传染病分子基础的不同理解阶段的例子。在这篇综述中，我们总结了在剖析控制人类对皮肤病学中感兴趣的传染病易感性的遗传成分方面取得的主要进展。从宿主和病原体的遗传角度讨论了如麻风病和利什曼病等广泛研究的疾病。其他疾病，如罕见分枝杆菌病、真菌感染和梅毒，则被视为感染遗传学领域的良好研究机会。
