Verma Ram Swaroop, Padalia Rajendra Chandra, Chauhan Amit
Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CSIR-CIMAP), Research Centre, Purara, P.O. Gagrigole, Bageshwar, Uttarakhand 263688, India.
J Sci Food Agric. 2012 Feb;92(3):626-31. doi: 10.1002/jsfa.4620. Epub 2011 Oct 10.
Two Ocimum basilicum cultivars, 'Vikarsudha' and 'CIM-Saumya', grown in the Kumaon region of western Himalaya were evaluated for their essential oil yield and composition at different stages of plant growth during two distinct cropping seasons (spring-summer and rain-autumn).
The highest yield of essential oil was obtained at full bloom stage in both cultivars in both cropping seasons. The essential oils obtained from different stages in two cropping seasons were analysed by capillary gas chromatography with flame ionisation detection, and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The major component of cultivar 'Vikarsudha' was methyl chavicol (84.3-94.3%), while for cultivar 'CIM-Saumya' the main components were methyl chavicol (62.5-77.6%) and linalool (14.4-34.1%).
This study clearly indicated that cultivar, cropping season, plant ontogeny and plant part had significant effects on the yield and quality of the essential oil of O. basilicum. Further, the amount of methyl chavicol in the cultivars grown in this region was higher than in cultivars from other parts of India.
对生长在喜马拉雅山西部库马盎地区的两种罗勒品种‘Vikarsudha’和‘CIM-Saumya’，在两个不同种植季节（春夏季和雨秋季）的不同生长阶段，对其精油产量和成分进行了评估。
在两个种植季节中，两个品种在盛花期均获得了最高的精油产量。采用带火焰离子化检测的毛细管气相色谱法和气相色谱 - 质谱联用法，对两个种植季节不同阶段获得的精油进行了分析。‘Vikarsudha’品种的主要成分是甲基丁香酚（84.3 - 94.3%），而‘CIM-Saumya’品种的主要成分是甲基丁香酚（62.5 - 77.6%）和芳樟醇（14.4 - 34.1%）。
本研究清楚地表明，品种、种植季节、植物个体发育和植物部位对罗勒精油的产量和质量有显著影响。此外，该地区种植的品种中甲基丁香酚的含量高于印度其他地区的品种。
