Jurová Jana, Matoušková Martina, Wajs-Bonikowska Anna, Kalemba Danuta, Renčo Marek, Sedlák Vincent, Gogaľová Zuzana, Poráčová Janka, Šalamún Peter, Gruľová Daniela
Institute of Parasitology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Hlinkova 3, 04001 Košice, Slovakia.
Institute of General Food Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego 4/10 St., 90924 Łódz, Poland.
Plants (Basel). 2019 Jul 23;8(7):241. doi: 10.3390/plants8070241.
is non-native invasive plant species occupying large areas all over the Europe and threatens native communities by altering their species composition and reducing native biodiversity. The factor responsible for its spreading could be explained by releasing biochemical to the environment. On the other hands, high demand on secondary metabolites as potential source of new ecofriendly biocides could be beneficial. The analysis of essential oil (EO) led us to identify more than 60 volatiles. The main compound was hexahydrofarnesyl acetone, other dominant components were phytol, carvacrol, germacra-4(15),5,10(14)-trien-1-α-ol, and pentacosane. The potential phytotoxic effect of EO collected in two vegetation periods (summer and autumn) was evaluated on seed germination and root elongation of three dicot species (, , and ) and on one monocot species (). The seed germination of only one dicot species, , was affected by both EOs. In contrast, seed germination of monocot species was influenced only by the highest doses of EOs isolated from in autumn. The root elongation of tested plant species was less influenced by EOs. showed sensitivity to one dose of EOs hydrodistilled in summer, while the monocot species was influenced by both EOs samples in highest doses. Our findings revealed that contained phenolics that were phytotoxic to the germination of some plant species, mainly at higher EOs doses, while root elongation of tested plants was not suppressed by essential oils.
是一种非本土入侵植物物种，占据了欧洲各地的大片区域，并通过改变本地群落的物种组成和减少本地生物多样性来威胁本地群落。其扩散的原因可能是向环境中释放生物化学物质。另一方面，对次生代谢产物作为新型环保生物杀虫剂潜在来源的高需求可能是有益的。对精油（EO）的分析使我们鉴定出60多种挥发性成分。主要化合物是六氢法呢基丙酮，其他主要成分是叶绿醇、香芹酚、germacra-4(15),5,10(14)-三烯-1-α-醇和二十五烷。对在两个植被时期（夏季和秋季）收集的EO对三种双子叶植物物种（、和）和一种单子叶植物物种（）的种子萌发和根伸长的潜在植物毒性作用进行了评估。仅一种双子叶植物物种的种子萌发受到两种EO的影响。相比之下，单子叶植物物种的种子萌发仅受秋季从分离出的最高剂量EO的影响。受试植物物种的根伸长受EO的影响较小。对夏季水蒸馏得到的一种剂量的EO表现出敏感性，而单子叶植物物种受到两种EO样品最高剂量的影响。我们的研究结果表明，含有对某些植物物种的萌发具有植物毒性的酚类物质，主要是在较高的EO剂量下，而受试植物的根伸长未受到精油的抑制。
