Department of Vascular Medicine/Internal Medicine, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Semin Respir Crit Care Med. 2011 Oct;32(5):651-9. doi: 10.1055/s-0031-1287873. Epub 2011 Oct 11.
Hematologic factors, in particular platelets and the coagulation system, play an important role in the pathogenesis of organ failure in the intensive care unit. Failure of these hematologic systems is common in intensive care patients and may range from isolated thrombocytopenia or prolonged global clotting tests to complex defects, such as disseminated intravascular coagulation. There are many causes for a deranged coagulation in critically ill patients, and each of these underlying disorders may require specific therapeutic management. Hence, a proper differential diagnosis and initiation of adequate (supportive) treatment strategies are crucial to reduce morbidity and mortality in critically ill patients with coagulation abnormalities.
血液学因素，尤其是血小板和凝血系统，在重症监护病房器官衰竭的发病机制中起着重要作用。这些血液系统的衰竭在重症监护患者中很常见，可能从孤立性血小板减少症或延长的整体凝血试验到复杂的缺陷，如弥漫性血管内凝血。危重病患者凝血异常的原因很多，每种潜在疾病都可能需要特定的治疗管理。因此，正确的鉴别诊断和启动适当的（支持性）治疗策略对于降低凝血异常的危重病患者的发病率和死亡率至关重要。
