Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 685 West Baltimore St., Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
Behav Genet. 2012 Mar;42(2):313-22. doi: 10.1007/s10519-011-9505-y. Epub 2011 Oct 12.
There is considerable evidence for the existence of comorbidity between alcohol-use disorders and depression in humans. One strategy to elucidate hereditary factors affecting the comorbidity of these disorders is to use genetic animal models, such as mouse lines selectively bred for voluntary ethanol consumption. We hypothesized that mice from lines that were bred for high-alcohol preference would manifest increased depression-like phenotypes compared to low-alcohol preferring mice. Mice that were bi-directionally selected and bred on the basis of their High- (HAP) or Low-Alcohol Preference (LAP) were tested in the open-field (OFT), dark-light box (DLB), forced swim (FST), and learned helplessness tests (LH). The study was conducted in two independently derived replicates. In the OFT, both HAP2 and HAP3 mice showed higher levels of general locomotion compared to LAP mice. However, only HAP2 mice spent more time in the center compared to LAP2 mice. In the DLB, there was a slightly higher anxiety-like phenotype in HAP mice. In both FST and LH, we observed higher depression-like behaviors in HAP mice compared to LAP mice, but this was limited to the Replicate 2 mice. Overall, we identified affect-related behavioral changes in mouse lines bred for high-alcohol preference. Notably, the Replicate 3 lines that showed fewer depression-like behaviors also manifest smaller differences in alcohol intake. These data suggest that there may be overlap between genes that predispose to excessive alcohol intake and those underlying affect-related behaviors in the mouse.
大量证据表明,人类的酒精使用障碍和抑郁症之间存在共病现象。阐明影响这些疾病共病的遗传因素的一种策略是使用遗传动物模型,例如选择性繁殖用于自愿饮酒的小鼠品系。我们假设,与低酒精偏好的小鼠相比,高酒精偏好品系的小鼠会表现出更多的抑郁样表型。基于高(HAP)或低酒精偏好(LAP)对小鼠进行双向选择和繁殖,然后在旷场(OFT)、明暗箱(DLB)、强迫游泳(FST)和习得性无助(LH)测试中对其进行测试。该研究在两个独立衍生的重复中进行。在 OFT 中,与 LAP 小鼠相比,HAP2 和 HAP3 小鼠的总体运动水平更高。然而,只有 HAP2 小鼠在中央区域停留的时间比 LAP2 小鼠长。在 DLB 中,HAP 小鼠表现出略高的焦虑样表型。在 FST 和 LH 中,我们观察到 HAP 小鼠的抑郁样行为比 LAP 小鼠更高,但这仅限于复制 2 小鼠。总体而言,我们在高酒精偏好繁殖的小鼠品系中发现了与情感相关的行为变化。值得注意的是,表现出较少抑郁样行为的复制 3 品系在酒精摄入量方面的差异也较小。这些数据表明,可能存在导致过度饮酒的基因与小鼠中与情感相关的行为的基因之间存在重叠。