Old Age Research Group (Proter), Institute of Psychiatry, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Brazil.
Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2012 Sep;27(9):924-30. doi: 10.1002/gps.2803. Epub 2011 Oct 12.
This study aims to determine the frequency of clinically significant depressive symptoms (CSDS) in a community sample of older Brazilians and to examine their relationship with sociodemographic factors, cognitive and functional impairment (CFI), and medical illness.
A total of 1145 subjects aged 60 years or older living in the City of Ribeirao Preto, State of Sao Paulo, Brazil, were interviewed. The following instruments were used: a 10-item scale for screening of depressive symptoms in older people, the mini mental state examination, the Fuld object memory evaluation, the informant questionnaire on cognitive decline in the elderly, the Bayer activities of daily living scale, and a sociodemographic and clinical questionnaire.
The frequency of CSDS was 15.7%. Logistic regression analysis indicated that being previously depressed, having CFI, having lower level of education, using psychotropics, and not engaging in physical exercise were related to CSDS. On the other hand, being a woman, older, medically ill, employed, or married was not associated with CSDS.
Consistent with previous reports, lower education, lack of physical activity, and CFI were significantly associated with higher frequencies of CSDS. Further investigations are necessary to clarify the occurrence of depression and possible modifiable factors in developing countries such as Brazil.
本研究旨在确定巴西老年社区人群中临床显著抑郁症状（CSDS）的频率，并探讨其与社会人口学因素、认知和功能障碍（CFI）以及疾病的关系。
对巴西圣保罗州里贝朗普雷托市 1145 名 60 岁或以上的老年人进行了访谈。使用了以下工具：老年人抑郁症状筛查的 10 项量表、简易精神状态检查、富尔德物体记忆评估、认知障碍老年知情者问卷、拜耳日常生活活动量表以及社会人口学和临床问卷。
CSDS 的频率为 15.7%。逻辑回归分析表明，既往抑郁、CFI、受教育程度较低、使用精神药物和不进行体育锻炼与 CSDS 相关。另一方面，女性、年龄较大、患有疾病、就业或已婚与 CSDS 无关。
与先前的报告一致，较低的教育水平、缺乏体育锻炼和 CFI 与 CSDS 频率较高显著相关。有必要进一步调查，以澄清在巴西等发展中国家发生抑郁和可能的可改变因素的情况。
