Heffner J E
Medical Intensive Care Unit, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston.
Crit Care Clin. 1990 Jul;6(3):533-50.
Decisions regarding the application and care of airways in respiratory failure are important determinants of outcome in critically ill patients. Specialized procedures for institution of translaryngeal intubation in difficult circumstances, such as fiberoptic intubation, and provision of immediate surgical airway access, such as cricothyroidotomy, are requisite skills for the intensivist. The evolving application of standard techniques and advent of newer procedures for airway cannulation require extensive experience and cognitive skills in the management of tracheal intubation to enhance patient benefit and limit adverse effects from tracheal intubation.
对于呼吸衰竭患者气道的应用和护理决策是危重症患者预后的重要决定因素。在困难情况下进行经喉插管的专门程序，如纤维支气管镜引导插管，以及提供紧急手术气道通路，如环甲膜切开术，是重症监护医生必备的技能。标准技术的不断应用和气道插管新程序的出现，要求在气管插管管理方面具备丰富的经验和认知技能，以提高患者受益并限制气管插管的不良反应。
