Population Sciences, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
Clin Genet. 2012 Jan;81(1):29-37. doi: 10.1111/j.1399-0004.2011.01797.x. Epub 2011 Nov 2.
Despite an increase in direct-to-consumer (DTC) genetic testing, little is known about how variations in website content might alter consumer behavior. We evaluated the impact of risk information provision on women's attitudes about DTC BRCA testing. We conducted a randomized experiment; women viewed a 'mock' BRCA testing website without [control group (CG)] or with information on the potential risks of DTC testing [RG; framed two ways: unattributed risk (UR) information and risk information presented by experts (ER)]. Seven hundred and sixty-seven women participated; mean age was 37 years, mean education was 15 years, and 79% of subjects were white. Women in the RG had less positive beliefs about DTC testing (mean RG = 23.8, CG = 25.2; p = 0.001), lower intentions to get tested (RG = 2.8, CG = 3.1; p = 0.03), were more likely to prefer clinic-based testing (RG = 5.1, CG = 4.8; p = 0.03) and to report that they had seen enough risk information (RG = 5.3, CG = 4.7; p < 0.001). UR and ER exposure produced similar effects. Effects did not differ for women with or without a personal/family history of breast/ovarian cancer. Exposing women to the potential risks of DTC BRCA testing altered their beliefs, preferences, and intentions. Risk messages appear to be salient to women irrespective of their chance of having a BRCA mutation.
尽管直接面向消费者（DTC）的基因检测有所增加，但对于网站内容的差异如何改变消费者行为，人们知之甚少。我们评估了风险信息提供对女性对 DTC BRCA 检测的态度的影响。我们进行了一项随机实验；女性浏览了一个“模拟”BRCA 检测网站，没有[对照组（CG）]或有关于 DTC 检测的潜在风险信息[RG；以两种方式呈现：归因风险（UR）信息和专家呈现的风险信息（ER）]。767 名女性参与了研究；平均年龄为 37 岁，平均受教育年限为 15 年，79%的受试者为白人。RG 组的女性对 DTC 检测的看法不太积极（平均 RG=23.8，CG=25.2；p=0.001），检测意愿较低（RG=2.8，CG=3.1；p=0.03），更倾向于选择诊所检测（RG=5.1，CG=4.8；p=0.03），并表示已经看到足够的风险信息（RG=5.3，CG=4.7；p<0.001）。UR 和 ER 暴露产生了类似的效果。对于有或没有乳腺癌/卵巢癌个人/家族病史的女性，效果没有差异。向女性暴露于 DTC BRCA 检测的潜在风险改变了她们的信念、偏好和意图。风险信息似乎对女性很重要，而与她们是否有 BRCA 突变的机会无关。
