Palumbo Emmanuelle, Fiaschi Luigi, Brunelli Brunella, Marchi Sara, Savino Silvana, Pizza Mariagrazia
Novartis Vaccines and Diagnostics, Siena, Italy.
Methods Mol Biol. 2012;799:361-403. doi: 10.1007/978-1-61779-346-2_21.
Most of the vaccines available today, albeit very effective, have been developed using traditional "old-style" methodologies. Technologies developed in recent years have opened up new perspectives in the field of vaccinology and novel strategies are now being used to design improved or new vaccines against infections for which preventive measures do not exist. The Reverse Vaccinology (RV) approach is one of the most powerful examples of biotechnology applied to the field of vaccinology for identifying new protein-based vaccines. RV combines the availability of genomic data, the analyzing capabilities of new bioinformatic tools, and the application of high throughput expression and purification systems combined with serological screening assays for a coordinated screening process of the entire genomic repertoire of bacterial, viral, or parasitic pathogens. The application of RV to Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B represents the first success of this novel approach. In this chapter, we describe how this revolutionary approach can be easily applied to any pathogen.
当今可用的大多数疫苗尽管非常有效，但都是使用传统的“老式”方法开发的。近年来开发的技术为疫苗学领域开辟了新的前景，现在正采用新策略来设计针对尚无预防措施的感染的改良型或新型疫苗。反向疫苗学（RV）方法是应用于疫苗学领域以识别新型蛋白质疫苗的最有力的生物技术实例之一。RV将基因组数据的可用性、新生物信息学工具的分析能力以及高通量表达和纯化系统的应用与血清学筛选试验相结合，用于对细菌、病毒或寄生虫病原体的整个基因组库进行协调筛选。RV应用于B群脑膜炎奈瑟菌代表了这种新方法的首次成功。在本章中，我们描述了这种革命性方法如何能够轻松应用于任何病原体。
