Neuro-Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria 11, 20133 Milan, Italy.
Neurol Sci. 2011 Nov;32 Suppl 2:S207-8. doi: 10.1007/s10072-011-0788-9.
Brain tumor symptoms vary greatly from person to person because of two factors: location and size of tumors. The size of a tumor, however, does not necessarily affect the severity of symptoms. Manifestations depend on the cause of the symptoms: an increase in ICP, direct compression of gray or white matter, shifting of intracranial contents, or secondary cerebral ischemia. Symptoms may be non-specific and include headache, altered mental status, ataxia, nausea, vomiting, weakness, and gait disturbance. Left-sided weakness may be seen in a patient with a tumor pressing on the contra-lateral motor strip or speech difficulties may occur if a tumor is in the dominant hemisphere. Up to a third of people report having seizures prior to being diagnosed with a brain tumor. Rarely, brain tumor can present with psychiatric symptoms but without other neurological signs or symptoms. Evaluation for brain tumor is indicated in any patient with chronic, persistent headache associated with protracted nausea, vomiting, seizures, changes in headache pattern, neurologic symptoms, and change in personality.
脑肿瘤的症状因人而异，这主要与两个因素有关：肿瘤的位置和大小。然而，肿瘤的大小并不一定会影响症状的严重程度。症状的表现取决于症状的原因：颅内压升高、灰质或白质的直接压迫、颅内内容物移位或继发性脑缺血。症状可能是非特异性的，包括头痛、精神状态改变、共济失调、恶心、呕吐、无力和步态障碍。如果肿瘤压迫对侧运动带，可能会出现左侧无力，如果肿瘤位于优势半球，可能会出现言语困难。多达三分之一的人在被诊断出患有脑肿瘤之前会出现癫痫发作。极少数情况下，脑肿瘤可表现为精神症状，但无其他神经系统体征或症状。对于伴有长期恶心、呕吐、癫痫发作、头痛模式改变、神经系统症状和人格改变的慢性、持续性头痛的患者，应考虑进行脑肿瘤评估。
