Clinic for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany.
Pharmacopsychiatry. 2011 Nov;44(7):339-43. doi: 10.1055/s-0031-1291174. Epub 2011 Oct 12.
People with mental retardation often display aggressive behavior against themselves or others making care within institutions or foster families difficult. Due to a lack of viable alternatives, antipsychotics of the first and second generations are often used for long-term treatment despite the fact that only data about short-term treatment exist.
A short-time withdrawal trial of 12 weeks (n = 39) was extended at open label to 2 years. 31 patients received zuclopenthixol after the end of the withdrawal and were examined using the same instruments as in the withdrawal period (DAS, MOAS, CGI).
Patients still treated with zuclopenthixol after 2 years (n = 21) benefitted, compared to the drop-outs (n = 10). Analyses of time trends revealed an early effect of zuclopenthixol which could not be enhanced afterwards.
Zuclopenthixol proved to be safe and effective to keep a lower rate of aggressive behavior in adults with mental retardation also over a longer period of time.
智障人士经常对自己或他人表现出攻击性行为，这使得在机构或寄养家庭中护理变得困难。由于缺乏可行的替代方案，第一代和第二代抗精神病药物经常被用于长期治疗，尽管只有关于短期治疗的数据。
一项为期 12 周（n=39）的短期停药试验延长至 2 年的开放性标签期。31 名患者在停药后接受了氯氮平治疗，并使用与停药期间相同的工具进行检查（DAS、MOAS、CGI）。
与停药的患者（n=10）相比，在 2 年后仍接受氯氮平治疗的患者（n=21）受益。时间趋势分析显示，氯氮平有早期疗效，但随后无法增强。
氯氮平被证明是安全有效的，可以在较长时间内降低智障成年人的攻击性行为发生率。
