Biodynamic Research Corporation, 5711 University Heights Blvd., Suite 100, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA.
Ann Biomed Eng. 2012 Jan;40(1):79-89. doi: 10.1007/s10439-011-0400-8. Epub 2011 Oct 13.
For several years, Virginia Tech and other schools have measured the frequency and severity of head impacts sustained by collegiate American football players in real time using the Head Impact Telemetry (HIT) System of helmet-mounted accelerometers. In this study, data from 37,128 head impacts collected at Virginia Tech during games from 2006 to 2010 were analyzed. Peak head acceleration exceeded 100 g in 516 impacts, and the Head Injury Criterion (HIC) exceeded 200 in 468 impacts. Four instrumented players in the dataset sustained a concussion. These data were used to develop risk curves for concussion as a function of peak head acceleration and HIC. The validity of this biomechanical approach was assessed using epidemiological data on concussion incidence from other sources. Two specific aspects of concussion incidence were addressed: the variation by player position, and the frequency of repeat concussions. The HIT System data indicated that linemen sustained the highest overall number of head impacts, while skill positions sustained a higher number of more severe head impacts (peak acceleration > 100 g or HIC > 200). When weighted using injury risk curves, the HIT System data predicted a higher incidence of concussion in skill positions compared to linemen at rates that were in strong agreement with the epidemiological literature (Pearson's r = 0.72-0.87). The predicted rates of repeat concussions (21-39% over one season and 33-50% over five seasons) were somewhat higher than the ranges reported in the epidemiological literature. These analyses demonstrate that simple biomechanical parameters that can be measured by the HIT System possess a high level of power for predicting concussion.
几年来，弗吉尼亚理工大学和其他学校一直在使用头盔式加速度计的 Head Impact Telemetry (HIT) 系统实时测量大学生美式足球运动员头部受到的冲击频率和严重程度。在这项研究中，分析了 2006 年至 2010 年在弗吉尼亚理工大学比赛中收集的 37128 个头部冲击数据。有 516 次冲击的峰值头部加速度超过 100g，有 468 次冲击的头部损伤指标（HIC）超过 200。数据集中有 4 名佩戴仪器的运动员遭受脑震荡。这些数据被用来开发脑震荡风险曲线，作为峰值头部加速度和 HIC 的函数。使用来自其他来源的脑震荡发病率的流行病学数据评估了这种生物力学方法的有效性。研究了脑震荡发病率的两个具体方面：按球员位置的变化，以及重复脑震荡的频率。HIT 系统数据表明，线卫承受的头部总冲击次数最高，而技能位置承受的更严重头部冲击次数更高（峰值加速度>100g 或 HIC>200）。使用损伤风险曲线进行加权后，HIT 系统数据预测技能位置的脑震荡发生率高于线卫，与流行病学文献的结果高度一致（Pearson r = 0.72-0.87）。预测的重复脑震荡率（一个赛季内为 21-39%，五个赛季内为 33-50%）略高于流行病学文献报道的范围。这些分析表明，HIT 系统可以测量的简单生物力学参数具有很高的预测脑震荡的能力。
