Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Cancer Research Institute, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; E-Mail:
Viruses. 2010 Dec;2(12):2618-48. doi: 10.3390/v2122618. Epub 2010 Dec 3.
Jaagsiekte sheep retrovirus (JSRV) is the causative agent of a lung cancer in sheep known as ovine pulmonary adenocarcinoma (OPA). The disease has been identified around the world in several breeds of sheep and goats, and JSRV infection typically has a serious impact on affected flocks. In addition, studies on OPA are an excellent model for human lung carcinogenesis. A unique feature of JSRV is that its envelope (Env) protein functions as an oncogene. The JSRV Env-induced transformation or oncogenesis has been studied in a variety of cell systems and in animal models. Moreover, JSRV studies have provided insights into retroviral genomic RNA export/expression mechanisms. JSRV encodes a trans-acting factor (Rej) within the env gene necessary for the synthesis of Gag protein from unspliced viral RNA. This review summarizes research pertaining to JSRV-induced pathogenesis, Env transformation, and other aspects of JSRV biology.
绵羊肺腺瘤反转录病毒（Jaagsiekte sheep retrovirus，JSRV）是一种导致绵羊肺部腺癌（ovine pulmonary adenocarcinoma，OPA）的病原体。该疾病已在世界范围内的多个绵羊和山羊品种中被发现，JSRV 感染通常对受感染的羊群产生严重影响。此外，OPA 的研究是人类肺癌发生的极好模型。JSRV 的一个独特特征是其包膜（Env）蛋白作为癌基因发挥作用。JSRV Env 诱导的转化或致癌作用已在多种细胞系统和动物模型中进行了研究。此外，JSRV 的研究提供了对逆转录病毒基因组 RNA 输出/表达机制的深入了解。JSRV 在 env 基因中编码一种反式作用因子（Rej），该因子对于从未剪接的病毒 RNA 合成 Gag 蛋白是必需的。本综述总结了与 JSRV 诱导的发病机制、Env 转化以及 JSRV 生物学其他方面相关的研究。
