Department of Immunology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
Viruses. 2011 Jun;3(6):906-19. doi: 10.3390/v3060906. Epub 2011 Jun 23.
The RNA helicase family of RIG-I-like receptors (RLRs) is a key component of host defense mechanisms responsible for detecting viruses and triggering innate immune signaling cascades to control viral replication and dissemination. As cytoplasm-based sensors, RLRs recognize foreign RNA in the cell and activate a cascade of antiviral responses including the induction of type I interferons, inflammasome activation, and expression of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines. This review provides a brief overview of RLR function, ligand interactions, and downstream signaling events with an expanded discussion on the therapeutic potential of targeting RLRs for immune stimulation and treatment of virus infection.
RLR 家族的 RNA 解旋酶是宿主防御机制的关键组成部分，负责检测病毒并触发先天免疫信号级联反应，以控制病毒复制和传播。作为细胞质基传感器，RLR 识别细胞中的外来 RNA，并激活一系列抗病毒反应，包括诱导 I 型干扰素、炎性小体激活以及促炎细胞因子和趋化因子的表达。本综述简要概述了 RLR 的功能、配体相互作用以及下游信号事件，并扩展讨论了针对 RLR 进行免疫刺激和治疗病毒感染的治疗潜力。
