Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Republic of Singapore.
BMC Med Res Methodol. 2011 Oct 13;11:141. doi: 10.1186/1471-2288-11-141.
Physical activity patterns of a population remain mostly assessed by the questionnaires. However, few physical activity questionnaires have been validated in Asian populations. We previously utilized a combination of different questionnaires to assess leisure time, transportation, occupational and household physical activity in the Singapore Prospective Study Program (SP2). The International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) has been developed for a similar purpose. In this study, we compared estimates from these two questionnaires with an objective measure of physical activity in a multi-ethnic Asian population.
Physical activity was measured in 152 Chinese, Malay and Asian Indian adults using an accelerometer over five consecutive days, including a weekend. Participants completed both the physical activity questionnaire in SP2 (SP2PAQ) and IPAQ long form. 43 subjects underwent a second set of measurements on average 6 months later to assess reproducibility of the questionnaires and the accelerometer measurements. Spearman correlations were used to evaluate validity and reproducibility and correlations for validity were corrected for within-person variation of accelerometer measurements. Agreement between the questionnaires and the accelerometer measurements was also evaluated using Bland Altman plots.
The corrected correlation with accelerometer estimates of energy expenditure from physical activity was better for the SP2PAQ (vigorous activity: r = 0.73; moderate activity: r = 0.27) than for the IPAQ (vigorous activity: r = 0.31; moderate activity: r = 0.15). For moderate activity, the corrected correlation between SP2PAQ and the accelerometer was higher for Chinese (r = 0.38) and Malays (r = 0.57) than for Indians (r = -0.09). Both questionnaires overestimated energy expenditure from physical activity to a greater extent at higher levels of physical activity than at lower levels of physical activity. The reproducibility for moderate activity (accelerometer: r = 0.68; IPAQ: r = 0.58; SP2PAQ: r = 0.55) and vigorous activity (accelerometer: 0.52; IPAQ: r = 0.38; SP2PAQ: r = 0.75) was moderate to high for all instruments.
The agreement between IPAQ and accelerometer measurements of energy expenditure from physical activity was poor in our Asian study population. The SP2PAQ showed good validity and reproducibility for vigorous activity, but performed less well for moderate activity particularly in Indians. Further effort is needed to develop questionnaires that better capture moderate activity in Asian populations.
人群的体力活动模式主要通过问卷进行评估。然而，很少有体力活动问卷在亚洲人群中得到验证。我们之前利用不同的问卷组合来评估新加坡前瞻性研究计划（SP2）中的休闲时间、交通、职业和家庭体力活动。国际体力活动问卷（IPAQ）也是出于类似的目的而开发的。在这项研究中，我们比较了这两种问卷与在多民族亚洲人群中使用加速度计进行的体力活动的客观测量结果。
通过使用加速度计在五天内（包括一个周末）连续测量 152 名中国、马来和印度裔成年人的体力活动，参与者完成了 SP2 中的体力活动问卷（SP2PAQ）和 IPAQ 长式问卷。43 名参与者平均在 6 个月后进行了第二次测量，以评估问卷和加速度计测量的可重复性。使用 Spearman 相关系数评估有效性和可重复性，并对加速度计测量的个体内变异进行校正。还使用 Bland-Altman 图评估了问卷和加速度计测量之间的一致性。
经过校正后，与体力活动的能量消耗的加速度计估计值相关性更好的是 SP2PAQ（剧烈活动：r = 0.73；中度活动：r = 0.27），而不是 IPAQ（剧烈活动：r = 0.31；中度活动：r = 0.15）。对于中度活动，SP2PAQ 与加速度计的校正相关性在中国人（r = 0.38）和马来人（r = 0.57）中高于印度人（r = -0.09）。两个问卷都在较高的体力活动水平上比在较低的体力活动水平上更夸大了体力活动的能量消耗。对于中度活动（加速度计：r = 0.68；IPAQ：r = 0.58；SP2PAQ：r = 0.55）和剧烈活动（加速度计：0.52；IPAQ：r = 0.38；SP2PAQ：r = 0.75），所有仪器的重现性都在中等至高度之间。
在我们的亚洲研究人群中，IPAQ 与加速度计测量的体力活动能量消耗之间的一致性较差。SP2PAQ 对剧烈活动具有良好的有效性和可重复性，但对中度活动的表现较差，特别是在印度人中。需要进一步努力开发更好地捕捉亚洲人群中中度活动的问卷。
