U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Chesapeake Bay Field Office, 177 Admiral Cochrane Drive, Annapolis, MD 21401, USA.
Sci Total Environ. 2011 Dec 1;410-411:248-57. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.09.035. Epub 2011 Oct 11.
We surveyed four Chesapeake Bay tributaries for skin and liver tumors in brown bullhead (Ameiurus nebulosus). We focused on the South River, where the highest skin tumor prevalence (53%) in the Bay watershed had been reported. The objectives were to 1) compare tumor prevalence with nearby rivers (Severn and Rhode) and a more remote river (Choptank); 2) investigate associations between tumor prevalence and polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and alkylating agents; and 3) statistically analyze Chesapeake Bay bullhead tumor data from 1992 through 2008. All four South River collections exhibited high skin tumor prevalence (19% to 58%), whereas skin tumor prevalence was 2%, 10%, and 52% in the three Severn collections; 0% and 2% in the Choptank collections; and 5.6% in the Rhode collection. Liver tumor prevalence was 0% to 6% in all but one South River collection (20%) and 0% to 6% in the three other rivers. In a subset of samples, PAH-like biliary metabolites and (32)P-DNA adducts were used as biomarkers of exposure and response to polycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs). Adducts from alkylating agents were detected as O6-methyl-2'-deoxyguanosine (O6Me-dG) and O6-ethyl-2'-deoxyguanosine (O6Et-dG) modified DNA. Bullheads from the contaminated Anacostia River were used as a positive control for DNA adducts. (32)P-DNA adduct concentrations were significantly higher in Anacostia bullhead livers compared with the other rivers. We identified alkyl DNA adducts in bullhead livers from the South and Anacostia, but not the Choptank. Neither the PAH-like bile metabolite data, sediment PAH data, nor the DNA adduct data suggest an association between liver or skin tumor prevalence and exposure to PACs or alkylating agents in the South, Choptank, Severn, or Rhode rivers. Logistic regression analysis of the Chesapeake Bay database revealed that sex and length were significant covariates for liver tumors and length was a significant covariate for skin tumors.
我们调查了切萨皮克湾的四条支流中的褐拟鳞鲉的皮肤和肝脏肿瘤。我们重点研究了南河，这里报告的皮肤肿瘤患病率（53%）是湾流域中最高的。目的是：1）将肿瘤患病率与附近的河流（塞文河和罗得河）和更偏远的河流（乔普坦克河）进行比较；2）研究肿瘤患病率与多环芳烃（PAHs）和烷化剂之间的关系；3）对 1992 年至 2008 年切萨皮克湾褐拟鳞鲉的肿瘤数据进行统计学分析。所有四条南河标本均表现出较高的皮肤肿瘤患病率（19%至 58%），而塞文河的三个标本中皮肤肿瘤患病率分别为 2%、10%和 52%；乔普坦克河的两个标本中为 0%和 2%；罗得河的标本中为 5.6%。除一个南河标本（20%）外，其余标本的肝脏肿瘤患病率为 0%至 6%，而其他三条河流的肝脏肿瘤患病率为 0%至 6%。在部分样本中，多环芳烃样胆甾醇代谢物和（32）P-DNA 加合物被用作多环芳烃化合物（PACs）暴露和反应的生物标志物。烷化剂加合物检测为 O6-甲基-2'-脱氧鸟苷（O6Me-dG）和 O6-乙基-2'-脱氧鸟苷（O6Et-dG）修饰的 DNA。来自受污染的阿纳卡斯蒂亚河的褐拟鳞鲉被用作 DNA 加合物的阳性对照。与其他河流相比，阿纳卡斯蒂亚褐拟鳞鲉肝脏中的（32）P-DNA 加合物浓度明显更高。我们在南河和阿纳卡斯蒂亚河的褐拟鳞鲉肝脏中发现了烷基 DNA 加合物，但在乔普坦克河没有发现。多环芳烃样胆甾醇代谢物数据、沉积物多环芳烃数据以及 DNA 加合物数据均表明，南河、乔普坦克河、塞文河或罗得河的肝脏或皮肤肿瘤患病率与接触 PACs 或烷化剂之间没有关联。对切萨皮克湾数据库的逻辑回归分析表明，性别和长度是肝脏肿瘤的显著协变量，长度是皮肤肿瘤的显著协变量。
