Tao Xiuzhen, Tang Changyuan, Wu Pan, Han Zhiwei, Zhang Chipeng, Zhang YiZhang
College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Caijiaguan, 550003 Guiyang, Guizhou, China.
J Environ Monit. 2011 Nov;13(11):3269-76. doi: 10.1039/c1em10471c. Epub 2011 Oct 13.
Occurrence, variation and behaviour of nonylphenol (NP) and octylphenol (OP) were studied in surface water and groundwater in Guiyang, Guizhou Province, southwestern China. Discharge of wastewater from Guiyang City was the main source of alkylphenols (APs) entering the aquatic environment. The concentrations of NP and OP in river water ranged from 40 to 1582 ng L(-1) and from below the lowest limit of detection (LOD) to 67 ng L(-1), respectively. NP and OP were also detected in groundwater. Both NP and OP exhibited spatial and temporal variations in river water and groundwater. It was found that concentrations of NP and OP in river water was low upstream and dramatically increased downstream, and higher concentration of NP was found in winter compared to that in summer. Proportions of NP and OP were trapped by suspended particulate matter (SPM), which accounted for 7.6-50.0% and 3.4-25.6% of their total concentration in the river water system, respectively. Seasonal changes in water flow were responsible for the temporal variations of APs. To determine the behaviour of APs along the river, a mass balance equation based on chloride was used. The results showed that a mixing process was the predominant factor to determine upstream APs concentrations; while the discharge of wastewater controlled the concentrations of APs downstream. Considering the adverse effect of APs on organisms, combined effect modeling was used to assess the toxicity to fish. It was found that the predicted mixture effect for APs in river water on fish vitellogenin induction was low upstream and medium downstream, respectively.
对中国西南部贵州省贵阳市地表水和地下水中壬基酚（NP）和辛基酚（OP）的存在、变化及行为进行了研究。贵阳市的废水排放是烷基酚（APs）进入水生环境的主要来源。河水中NP和OP的浓度分别为40至1582 ng L⁻¹和低于最低检测限（LOD）至67 ng L⁻¹。地下水中也检测到了NP和OP。NP和OP在河水和地下水中均呈现出时空变化。研究发现，河水中NP和OP的浓度在上游较低，在下游急剧增加，且冬季NP的浓度高于夏季。NP和OP的一部分被悬浮颗粒物（SPM）截留，在河水系统中，它们分别占总浓度的7.6 - 50.0%和3.4 - 25.6%。水流的季节性变化导致了APs的时间变化。为了确定APs在河流中的行为，使用了基于氯化物的质量平衡方程。结果表明，混合过程是决定上游APs浓度的主要因素；而废水排放控制着下游APs的浓度。考虑到APs对生物体的不利影响，采用联合效应模型评估对鱼类的毒性。研究发现，河水中APs对鱼类卵黄蛋白原诱导的预测混合效应在上游较低，在下游为中等。
