Centre for Human Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology and Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada.
Biochemistry (Mosc). 2011 Jul;76(7):729-35. doi: 10.1134/S0006297911070029.
The biosynthesis of glycoconjugates is remarkably conserved in all types of cells since the biochemical reactions involved exhibit similar characteristics, which can be summarized as follows: (a) the saccharide moiety is formed as a lipid-linked, membrane-associated glycan; (b) the lipid component in most cases is a polyisoprenoid phosphate; (c) the assembly of the lipid-linked saccharide intermediate depends on reactions taking place at both sides of the cell membrane, which requires the obligatory transmembrane movement of amphipathic molecules across the lipid bilayer. These general characteristics are present in the biosynthesis of the O-antigen component of the bacterial lipopolysaccharide, which serves as a model system to investigate the molecular and mechanistic basis of glycoconjugate synthesis, as summarized in this mini-review.
糖缀合物的生物合成在所有类型的细胞中都惊人地保守，因为所涉及的生化反应具有相似的特征，可以概括如下：(a) 糖部分形成脂连接的、膜相关的聚糖；(b) 在大多数情况下，脂质成分是多萜磷酸酯；(c) 脂连接的糖中间体的组装取决于发生在细胞膜两侧的反应，这需要两亲性分子必需穿过脂质双层的跨膜运动。这些一般特征存在于细菌脂多糖的 O-抗原成分的生物合成中，它作为一个模型系统来研究糖缀合物合成的分子和机制基础，如本综述所述。
