Department of Anaesthesiology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany.
Anaesthesia. 2011 Nov;66(11):1031-4. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2044.2011.06899.x.
Pressure infusion devices are used in clinical practice to apply large volumes of fluid over a short period of time. Although air infusion is a major complication, they have limited capability to detect and remove air during pressure infusion. In this investigation, we tested the air elimination capabilities of the Fluido(®) (The Surgical Company), Level 1(®) (Level 1 Technologies Inc.) and Ranger(®) (Augustine Medical GmbH) pressure infusion devices. Measurements were undertaken with a crystalloid solution during an infusion flow of 100, 200, 400 and 800 ml.min(-1). Four different volumes of air (25, 50, 100 and 200 ml) were injected as boluses in one experimental setting, or infused continuously over the time needed to perfuse 2 l saline in the other setting. The perfusion fluid was collected in an airtight infusion bag and the amount of air obtained in the bag was measured. The delivered air volume was negligible and would not cause any significant air embolism in all experiments. In our experimental setting, we found, during high flow, an increased amount of uneliminated air in all used devices compared with lower perfusion flows. All tested devices had a good air elimination capability. The use of ultrasonic air detection coupled with an automatic shutoff is a significant safety improvement and can reliably prevent accidental air embolism at rapid flows.
压力输液器在临床实践中用于在短时间内输注大量液体。尽管空气输注是一种主要并发症，但它们在压力输注过程中检测和去除空气的能力有限。在这项研究中，我们测试了 Fluido(®)（The Surgical Company）、Level 1(®)（Level 1 Technologies Inc.）和 Ranger(®)（Augustine Medical GmbH）压力输液器的空气消除能力。在 100、200、400 和 800 ml.min(-1)的输注流速下，使用晶体溶液进行了测量。在一个实验设置中，以弹丸形式注入了四个不同体积的空气（25、50、100 和 200 ml），或者在另一个设置中连续输注，直到灌注 2 升生理盐水所需的时间。灌注液被收集在一个密封的输液袋中，并测量袋中获得的空气量。在所有实验中，输送的空气量可忽略不计，不会引起任何明显的空气栓塞。在我们的实验设置中，我们发现，在高流量下，与较低的灌注流量相比，所有使用的设备中未消除的空气量增加。所有测试的设备都具有良好的空气消除能力。使用超声空气检测并结合自动关闭是一个显著的安全改进，可以可靠地防止在快速流动时发生意外的空气栓塞。
