Department of Anatomy, Otago School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
Br J Sports Med. 2012 Sep;46(12):871-6. doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2011-090044. Epub 2011 Oct 17.
The adductor muscles are implicated in the pathogenesis of groin strain, but the proximal morphology of this muscle group is poorly defined. The purpose of this study was to investigate the detailed anatomy of the entheses and proximal musculotendinous junctions (MTJs) of adductor longus (AL), adductor brevis (AB) and gracilis.
The adductors were dissected bilaterally in 10 embalmed cadavers (7 females, mean age at death 79 years (range 57-93 years)), focusing on the type of enthesis, and architecture of the proximal tendons and MTJs. Histology was used to determine if the entheses contained fibrocartilage and to semiquantitatively assess the vascularity of each proximal tendon.
All entheses were fibrocartilaginous. The proximal tendons of AB and gracilis were fused, forming a common tendinous insertion in all specimens. AL and AB both contained extensive intramuscular tendons of variable length (AL 11.1 ± 1.5 cm; AB 5.4 ± 1.1 cm); this has not been recorded previously. The vascularity of AL and AB tendons decreased significantly towards the enthesis (p < 0.05), and their entheses were significantly less vascular than that of gracilis (p < 0.05).
The proximal anatomy of AL, AB and gracilis is more complex than previously described. The arrangement and fusion of these muscles, their fibrocartilaginous entheses and differences in vascularity of their proximal tendons may be important anatomical considerations in the pathogenesis and pattern of adductor-related groin pain.
内收肌与腹股沟拉伤的发病机制有关，但该肌肉群的近端形态尚未明确。本研究旨在探讨内收长肌（AL）、短肌（AB）和大收肌的附着点和近端肌-腱连接（MTJ）的详细解剖结构。
对 10 具防腐尸体（7 名女性，死亡时的平均年龄为 79 岁（57-93 岁））的双侧内收肌进行解剖，重点研究附着点的类型和近端肌腱及 MTJ 的结构。组织学用于确定附着点是否含有纤维软骨，并对每个近端肌腱的血管分布进行半定量评估。
所有附着点均为纤维软骨。AB 和大收肌的近端肌腱融合，在所有标本中形成一个共同的肌腱附着点。AL 和 AB 均包含长度不等的广泛肌内肌腱（AL 为 11.1 ± 1.5cm；AB 为 5.4 ± 1.1cm）；这是以前没有记录过的。AL 和 AB 肌腱的血管分布在向附着点方向显著减少（p < 0.05），并且它们的附着点的血管分布明显少于大收肌（p < 0.05）。
AL、AB 和大收肌的近端解剖结构比以前描述的更为复杂。这些肌肉的排列和融合、它们的纤维软骨附着点以及近端肌腱的血管分布差异，可能是内收肌相关腹股沟疼痛的发病机制和模式的重要解剖学考虑因素。
