Department of Child Psychiatry, University of Turku, Finland.
Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2012 Feb;91(2):164-73. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0412.2011.01304.x.
Early mother-infant relationships in preterm populations were evaluated in the context of a systematic review of the literature.
A systematic search of three electronic databases (PsychINFO, PubMed and Cochrane Library) was undertaken. Three studies of maternal attachment, 18 studies of mother-preterm infant interaction and eight studies of infant attachment were included. Studies of preterm infant attachment were also evaluated using a meta-analysis.
Studies of mother-preterm infant interactions showed that the differences in maternal interaction behavior between mothers of preterm infants and mothers of full-term infants seem to be most evident during the first six months of life. Differences in the preterm infant's interaction behavior seem also to continue for six months after birth. However, five of 18 studies showed an equal or even higher quality of mother-infant interaction in groups of preterm compared to groups of full-term infants. Studies of maternal and infant attachment indicated that preterm infants and their mothers are not at higher risk of insecure attachment than full-term infants and their mothers.
The mother-preterm infant relationship is complex, and some relational patterns forecast greater psychological risk than others. It is important to decrease maternal stress and early separation in every possible way during hospitalization as well as after discharge.
在对文献进行系统综述的背景下，评估早产儿人群中的早期母婴关系。
对三个电子数据库（心理信息、PubMed 和 Cochrane Library）进行了系统搜索。纳入了 3 项关于母婴依恋的研究、18 项关于母婴互动的研究和 8 项关于婴儿依恋的研究。还使用荟萃分析评估了早产儿依恋的研究。
对母婴互动的研究表明，早产儿母亲和足月儿母亲之间的互动行为差异在生命的前六个月似乎最为明显。早产儿互动行为的差异似乎在出生后六个月仍在继续。然而，在 18 项研究中有 5 项表明，与足月儿婴儿组相比，早产儿婴儿组的母婴互动质量相等甚至更高。母婴依恋的研究表明，早产儿及其母亲在不安全依恋方面的风险并不高于足月儿及其母亲。
母婴关系是复杂的，一些关系模式比其他模式预测更大的心理风险。在住院期间以及出院后，尽可能减少母亲的压力和早期分离非常重要。
