Section of Molecular Cell and Developmental Biology, Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, and Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, TX, USA.
Heredity (Edinb). 2012 Apr;108(4):419-30. doi: 10.1038/hdy.2011.92. Epub 2011 Oct 19.
Autopolyploidy and allopolyploidy are common in many plants and some animals. Rapid changes in genomic composition and gene expression have been observed in both autopolyploids and allopolyploids, but the effects of polyploidy on proteomic divergence are poorly understood. Here, we report quantitative analysis of protein changes in leaves of Arabidopsis autopolyploids and allotetraploids and their progenitors using isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) coupled with mass spectrometry. In more than 1000 proteins analyzed, the levels of protein divergence were relatively high (18%) between Arabidopsis thaliana and Arabidopsis arenosa, relatively low (6.8%) between an A. thaliana diploid and autotetraploid and intermediate (~8.3 and 8.2%) in F(1)- and F(8)-resynthesized allotetraploids relative to mid-parent values, respectively. This pattern of proteomic divergence was consistent with the previously reported gene expression data. In particular, many non-additively accumulated proteins (61-62%) in the F(1) and F(8) allotetraploids were also differentially expressed between the parents. The differentially accumulated proteins in functional categories of abiotic and biotic stresses were overrepresented between an A. thaliana autotetraploid and diploid and between two Arabidopsis species, but not significantly different between allotetraploids and their progenitors. Although the trend of changes is similar, the percentage of differentially accumulated proteins that matched previously reported differentially expressed genes was relatively low. Western blot analysis confirmed several selected proteins with isoforms the cumulative levels of which were differentially expressed. These data suggest high protein divergence between species and rapid changes in post-transcriptional regulation and translational modifications of proteins during polyploidization.
多倍体在许多植物和一些动物中很常见。在同源多倍体和异源多倍体中都观察到基因组组成和基因表达的快速变化，但多倍体对蛋白质组差异的影响知之甚少。在这里，我们使用相对和绝对定量同位素标记 (iTRAQ) 结合质谱法报告了拟南芥同源多倍体和异源四倍体及其亲本叶片中蛋白质变化的定量分析。在分析的 1000 多种蛋白质中，拟南芥和拟南芥之间的蛋白质差异水平相对较高（约 18%），拟南芥二倍体和同源四倍体之间相对较低（约 6.8%），而在 F(1)-和 F(8)-合成的异源四倍体中分别相对于中亲值的中间（约 8.3 和 8.2%）。这种蛋白质组差异的模式与之前报道的基因表达数据一致。特别是，在 F(1)和 F(8)异源四倍体中累积的许多非加性蛋白质（61-62%）在亲本之间也存在差异表达。在拟南芥同源四倍体和二倍体之间以及两个拟南芥物种之间，非生物和生物胁迫功能类别的差异累积蛋白过度表达，但在异源四倍体与其亲本之间没有显著差异。尽管变化趋势相似，但与之前报道的差异表达基因匹配的差异累积蛋白的百分比相对较低。Western blot 分析证实了几个具有差异表达蛋白同型累积水平的选定蛋白。这些数据表明，物种之间的蛋白质差异很大，并且在多倍化过程中转录后调控和翻译后修饰的蛋白质变化迅速。
