Department of Paediatrics, Shahid Sadoughi Hospital, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Ave sina St, Shahid Ghandi Blvd, Yazd 8915887854, Iran.
Singapore Med J. 2011 Oct;52(10):730-3.
Low birth weight (LBW) is a major health problem and a significant contributor to neonatal death in both industrialised and developing countries. This study examined the prevalence and risk factors for LBW in Yazd, a central city of Iran.
In this cross-sectional study, we evaluated all births that were registered in all the maternity hospitals in Yazd, Iran in 2008. LBW neonates were compared with neonates whose birth weight exceeded 2,500 g.
The overall prevalence of LBW was 8.8 percent. Univariate analysis using chi-square test showed that the risk factors associated with LBW were first and second pregnancies, teenage pregnancy, maternal diseases (pregnancy-induced hypertension, chronic hypertension and urinary tract infection), childbirth interval of less than three years, especially less than one year from the previous birth, preterm labour and working mothers. In multivariate analysis, preterm labour (odds ratio [OR] 5.2, 95 percent confidence interval [CI] 4.8-6.11), working mothers (OR 2.7, 95 percent CI 1.25-3.1) and pregnancy-induced hypertension (OR 1.5, 95 percent CI 1.2-2.22) were found to be risk factors for LBW.
Screening for high-risk pregnancies, such as teenage pregnancies and those with short birth intervals and maternal disease, as well as making provisions for attentive prenatal care and facilities are essential to reduce the incidence of LBW.
低出生体重（LBW）是一个主要的健康问题，也是工业化国家和发展中国家新生儿死亡的一个重要原因。本研究调查了伊朗亚兹德市 LBW 的流行情况和危险因素。
在这项横断面研究中，我们评估了 2008 年伊朗亚兹德所有产妇医院登记的所有分娩。LBW 新生儿与出生体重超过 2500 克的新生儿进行比较。
LBW 的总体患病率为 8.8%。使用卡方检验的单因素分析显示，与 LBW 相关的危险因素包括首次和第二次妊娠、青少年妊娠、母亲疾病（妊娠高血压、慢性高血压和尿路感染）、分娩间隔少于三年，尤其是前次分娩后不到一年、早产和职业母亲。在多因素分析中，早产（比值比 [OR] 5.2，95%置信区间 [CI] 4.8-6.11）、职业母亲（OR 2.7，95%CI 1.25-3.1）和妊娠高血压（OR 1.5，95%CI 1.2-2.22）被认为是 LBW 的危险因素。
筛查高危妊娠，如青少年妊娠、分娩间隔短和母亲患病，以及提供周到的产前护理和设施，对于降低 LBW 的发生率至关重要。
