Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
Orthop Surg. 2009 Aug;1(3):189-95. doi: 10.1111/j.1757-7861.2009.00029.x.
To discuss imaging features of radiographs, computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and radionuclide imaging of the herniation pit of the femoral neck and their implications for pathogenesis.
Twenty-seven patients with 31 herniation pits of the femoral neck were analyzed. All patients were examined by plain radiographs, 18 by CT, 16 by MRI, and 8 by radionuclide imaging.
Thirty-one herniation pits located in the anterior part of the femoral neck or the base of the femoral head were round, oval or '8'-shaped subcortical defects. The pits were usually seen as mild radiolucent areas on radiographs, soft-tissue attenuation with a thin sclerotic rim and a focal cortical perforation on CT and three different signal intensities on MRI. Only one of eight pits revealed mild focal increased uptake on bone radionuclide scans.
The occurrence of a herniation pit of the femoral neck correlates closely with the particulars of the structure of the hip joint and corresponding mechanical forces. Round or oval subcortical defects surrounded by a thin sclerotic rim in the superior lateral part of the femoral neck or the anterior lateral base of the femoral head, which are usually normal on radionuclide imaging and have focal cortical perforations on CT, are specific signs for diagnosing herniation pits of the femoral neck.
讨论股骨颈疝窝的 X 线、计算机断层扫描（CT）、磁共振成像（MRI）和放射性核素显像的影像学特征及其对发病机制的影响。
分析 27 例 31 个股骨颈疝窝患者。所有患者均行 X 线平片检查，18 例行 CT 检查，16 例行 MRI 检查，8 例行放射性核素显像检查。
31 个疝窝位于股骨颈前份或股骨头基底，呈圆形、椭圆形或“8”字形的皮质下骨缺损。X 线平片上多表现为轻度透亮区，CT 上呈软组织密度影，伴薄的硬化边，局限性皮质穿孔，MRI 上呈三种不同信号强度。8 个疝窝中仅 1 个在骨放射性核素扫描上显示轻度局限性摄取增加。
股骨颈疝窝的发生与髋关节的结构特点及相应的机械力密切相关。股骨颈外侧上部或股骨头前外侧基底的圆形或椭圆形皮质下骨缺损，周围有薄的硬化边，放射性核素扫描通常正常，CT 上有局限性皮质穿孔，是诊断股骨颈疝窝的特异性征象。
