Serrano Carlos, Pardo Graciela, Barrera Luz A, Gamboa Luisa, Másmela Angela, Zorro Sandra
Department of Basic Science and Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, Universidad Nacional de Colombia.
Acta Odontol Latinoam. 2011;24(1):53-60.
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the relationship between patients' answers to behavioral questionnaires on diabetes and oral health, oral parameters and metabolic control of diabetes. A cross-sectional study was conducted on fifty type 2 diabetic subjects selected according to specific criteria, mainly: diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus occurred at least 6 months before the study, presence of > or = 5 natural teeth and having at least two recent glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c measurements. Three questionnaires were administered to the patients after a preliminary testing phase. The questionnaires were: Multidimensional Diabetes Questionnaire (MDQ), organized in three sections; Stress Evaluation Questionnaire for Diabetics, a single questionnaire; and Dental Self-efficacy, organized in three sections. Clinical parameters were O'Leary Plaque Index, and percentage of bleeding on probing. Diabetic metabolic control was calculated using HbA1c measurements. Reliability of questionnaires was analyzed using Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Relationship among variables was tested by Pearson Correlation analysis. A p-value <0.05 was significant.
The mean age of the study sample was 52.2 years; 38 individuals were women (77%), and 12 were men (23%). The majority had only completed elementary education (55%). Mean plaque index score was 53.51% (SD 21.6), mean bleeding on probing was 36.33% (SD 23.65). Mean HbA1c value was 9.22% (SD 2.6). Dental self-efficacy for using dental floss and visiting a dentist was low, but it was high for tooth brushing. There was a significant correlation between the MDQ and HbA1c Percentage of bleeding on probing had a correlation with self-efficacy for dental visits. The MDQ section I had a correlation with O'Leary Plaque Index, sections II and III had a correlation with self-efficacy for tooth brushing, section III had a correlation with self-efficacy for visiting a dentist. In conclusion, self-efficacy questionnaires for tooth brushing and visiting a dentist had a significant correlation with self-efficacy for diabetes control.
本研究的目的是评估患者对糖尿病与口腔健康、口腔参数及糖尿病代谢控制的行为问卷的回答之间的关系。对根据特定标准选取的50名2型糖尿病患者进行了一项横断面研究，主要标准为：2型糖尿病诊断发生在研究前至少6个月，有≥5颗天然牙且至少有两次近期糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）测量值。在初步测试阶段后，向患者发放了三份问卷。问卷分别为：多维糖尿病问卷（MDQ），分为三个部分；糖尿病患者压力评估问卷，单一问卷；以及牙科自我效能感问卷，分为三个部分。临床参数为奥利里菌斑指数和探诊出血百分比。使用HbA1c测量值计算糖尿病代谢控制情况。使用克朗巴哈α系数分析问卷的信度。通过Pearson相关分析检验变量之间的关系。p值<0.05具有显著性。
研究样本的平均年龄为52.2岁；38人为女性（77%），12人为男性（23%）。大多数人仅完成了小学教育（55%）。平均菌斑指数得分为53.51%（标准差21.6），平均探诊出血率为36.33%（标准差23.65）。平均HbA1c值为9.22%（标准差2.6）。使用牙线和看牙医的牙科自我效能感较低，但刷牙的自我效能感较高。MDQ与HbA1c之间存在显著相关性。探诊出血百分比与看牙医的自我效能感相关。MDQ第一部分与奥利里菌斑指数相关，第二和第三部分与刷牙的自我效能感相关，第三部分与看牙医的自我效能感相关。总之，刷牙和看牙医的自我效能感问卷与糖尿病控制的自我效能感有显著相关性。
