McPherson Michelle E, McMahon Tadgh, Moreton Renee J, Ward Kate A
National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Australian National University, Australian Capital Territory, Canberra.
Commun Dis Intell Q Rep. 2011 Jun;35(2):185-91. doi: 10.33321/cdi.2011.35.16.
Non-Australian-born people comprise a third of HIV notifications in Australia. With increasing numbers of immigrants in Australia, public health and health promotion programs will need to adapt to the emerging epidemic of HIV among people from culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) backgrounds. This study uses HIV notification data to compare Australian-born and non-Australian-born cases in New South Wales and aims to determine if income of source country is useful in identifying high priority CALD groups. Notified cases of newly diagnosed HIV between 2000 and 2008 in New South Wales were divided into Australian-born, persons born in high-income countries and persons born in middle and low-income countries based on World Bank classifications. These three groups were then compared to determine their risk factors for HIV infection. Of the 3,397 newly diagnosed HIV infections in New South Wales, 2,906 (86%) had a country of birth reported from 102 different countries. Cases born in high-income countries were similar to Australian-born cases; predominantly men reporting homosexual acquisition. Both these groups were different to cases born in middle and low-income countries; they were younger, more commonly female and reported heterosexual acquisition of HIV. Using income from source countries is useful as a model to better understand and target responses to HIV in non-Australian-born populations in New South Wales as it suggests that the public health and health promotion response in New South Wales and Australia should also focus on the priority communities drawn from low and middle income countries.
在澳大利亚，非澳大利亚出生的人占艾滋病病毒（HIV）通报病例的三分之一。随着澳大利亚移民数量的增加，公共卫生和健康促进项目将需要适应文化和语言背景多样（CALD）人群中日益增长的HIV流行情况。本研究利用HIV通报数据比较新南威尔士州澳大利亚出生和非澳大利亚出生的病例，旨在确定来源国收入是否有助于识别高优先级的CALD群体。根据世界银行的分类，将2000年至2008年新南威尔士州新诊断HIV的通报病例分为澳大利亚出生者、高收入国家出生者以及中低收入国家出生者。然后对这三组进行比较，以确定他们感染HIV的风险因素。在新南威尔士州新诊断的3397例HIV感染病例中，2906例（86%）的出生国来自102个不同国家。高收入国家出生的病例与澳大利亚出生的病例相似；主要是报告通过同性恋感染的男性。这两组与中低收入国家出生的病例不同；他们更年轻，女性更常见，且报告通过异性传播感染HIV。利用来源国的收入作为一种模式，有助于更好地理解新南威尔士州非澳大利亚出生人群中的HIV情况并针对性地做出应对，因为这表明新南威尔士州和澳大利亚的公共卫生和健康促进应对措施也应关注来自低收入和中等收入国家的重点群体。
