Vu Lung, Choi Kyung-Hee, Do Tri
HIV and AIDS Program, Population Council, Washington, DC, USA.
AIDS Educ Prev. 2011 Oct;23(5):423-36. doi: 10.1521/aeap.2011.23.5.423.
Having a positive attitude toward one's own sexual and ethnic identity can improve psychological well-being and self-efficacy and may reduce vulnerability to HIV infection. We sought to understand factors associated with having greater self-worth about being Asian and Pacific Islander (API), being gay/bisexual, and being both gay/bisexual and API (dual identity). We conducted serial, cross-sectional surveys of 763 API men who have sex with men (MSM) annually from 1999 to 2002 in San Diego, California and Seattle, Washington. We found (a) sexual and ethnic identity were intertwined and mutually influential; (b) a positive attitude toward sexual identity was associated with higher socioeconomic status, greater social support, and self-identified homosexual orientation (as opposed to "straight/undecided"); (c) a positive dual identity was associated with higher socioeconomic status, greater social support, and levels of acculturation (being United States born and speaking English and another language equally); and (d) a positive sexual identity and dual identity were associated with HIV testing. The findings suggest that targeted programs should address cultural issues at the intersection of sexual and ethnic identity, promote social support and self-acceptance around homosexual identity, and help MSM build a positive sense of self to foster their self-esteem and HIV prevention self-efficacy.
对自己的性取向和种族身份持积极态度可以改善心理健康和自我效能感，并可能降低感染艾滋病毒的易感性。我们试图了解与对身为亚太岛民（API）、男同性恋/双性恋者以及既是男同性恋/双性恋者又是亚太岛民（双重身份）拥有更高自我价值感相关的因素。1999年至2002年期间，我们在加利福尼亚州圣地亚哥和华盛顿州西雅图对763名与男性发生性关系的亚太岛民男性（MSM）进行了年度系列横断面调查。我们发现：（a）性取向和种族身份相互交织且相互影响；（b）对性取向持积极态度与较高的社会经济地位、更多的社会支持以及自我认定的同性恋取向（相对于“异性恋/不确定”）相关；（c）积极的双重身份与较高的社会经济地位、更多的社会支持以及文化适应程度（出生在美国且能同样流利地说英语和另一种语言）相关；（d）积极的性取向身份和双重身份与艾滋病毒检测相关。研究结果表明，针对性的项目应解决性取向和种族身份交叉点上的文化问题，围绕同性恋身份促进社会支持和自我接纳，并帮助男男性行为者建立积极的自我认知，以增强他们的自尊和艾滋病毒预防自我效能感。
