Yale Child Study Center, Yale University, USA.
Dev Sci. 2011 Nov;14(6):1431-44. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-7687.2011.01087.x. Epub 2011 Sep 30.
Adolescence is a period of development in which peer relationships become especially important. A computer-based game (Cyberball) has been used to explore the effects of social exclusion in adolescents and adults. The current functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study used Cyberball to extend prior work to the cross-sectional study of younger children and adolescents (7 to 17 years), identifying age-related changes in the neural correlates of social exclusion across the important transition from middle childhood into adolescence. Additionally, a control task illustrated the specificity of these age-related changes for social exclusion as distinct from expectancy violation more generally. During exclusion, activation in and functional connectivity between ventrolateral prefrontal cortex and ventral anterior cingulate cortex increased with age. These effects were specific to social exclusion and did not exist for expectancy violation. Our results illustrate developmental changes from middle childhood through adolescence in both affective and regulatory brain regions during social exclusion.
青春期是一个发展时期，在此期间同伴关系变得尤为重要。一种基于计算机的游戏（Cyberball）被用于探索青少年和成年人的社会排斥的影响。目前的功能磁共振成像（fMRI）研究使用 Cyberball 将先前的工作扩展到对年龄较小的儿童和青少年（7 至 17 岁）的横断面研究，确定了从中年到青春期的重要过渡时期社会排斥的神经相关性的年龄相关变化。此外，一项对照任务说明了这些与年龄相关的变化对于社会排斥的特异性，而不是一般的预期违背。在排斥期间，腹外侧前额叶皮层和腹侧前扣带皮层之间的激活和功能连接随着年龄的增长而增加。这些影响是社会排斥所特有的，而不是预期违背的。我们的研究结果说明了从中年到青春期的发展变化，即社会排斥期间情感和调节大脑区域的变化。
