Nelson Cailee M, Revilla Rebecca, Friedman Nicole R, Xia Mengya, Hudac Caitlin M
University of South Carolina, Department of Psychology, 1512 Pendleton Street, Columbia, SC 29208, USA; Institute for Mind and Brain, University of South Carolina, 1800 Gervais Street, Columbia, SC 29208, USA; University of South Carolina, Carolina Autism and Neurodevelopment Research Center, 1800 Gervais Street, Columbia, SC 29208, USA.
University of South Carolina, Department of Psychology, 1512 Pendleton Street, Columbia, SC 29208, USA; Institute for Mind and Brain, University of South Carolina, 1800 Gervais Street, Columbia, SC 29208, USA.
Dev Cogn Neurosci. 2025 Aug 27;75:101607. doi: 10.1016/j.dcn.2025.101607.
Ostracism (i.e., being ignored/excluded) can cause intense emotional reactions that detrimentally impact mental and physical health. Adolescents may be particularly susceptible to these negative consequences due to brain maturation and changing social priorities. To better understand how neural mechanisms of ostracism vary across development (i.e., age, puberty), the current study employed a pictorial adaptation of Hudac's (2019) Lunchroom electroencephalography (EEG) task in a sample of 84 adolescents (aged 10-14 years). Results indicated unique effects across event-related potential amplitudes, including a reversed pattern (greater sensitivity to inclusion) for the P1, the "classic" ostracism effect (greater sensitivity to exclusion) for the N2, and classic effects when modulated by puberty for the P3. Source estimation identified different neural networks that were likely driving sensitivity to exclusion (e.g., amygdala, SCG, and IFG) or inclusion (e.g., ACC, cingulate, fusiform, insula, SPL, STG). Further, sensitivity to exclusion increased over pubertal development for P3 amplitude but over age for amygdala and IFG. Sensitivity to inclusion decreased over age for P1 amplitude and inclusion sensitive regions. The current study emphasizes the utility of using paradigms that isolate neural processes associated with ostracism while controlling for participant involvement.
被排斥（即被忽视/被排除在外）会引发强烈的情绪反应，对身心健康产生不利影响。由于大脑成熟和社会优先级的变化，青少年可能特别容易受到这些负面后果的影响。为了更好地理解排斥的神经机制在整个发育过程（即年龄、青春期）中的变化情况，本研究对84名青少年（年龄在10 - 14岁之间）采用了对胡达克（2019年）的午餐室脑电图（EEG）任务的图片改编版。结果表明，在事件相关电位幅度方面存在独特的影响，包括P1出现反转模式（对被接纳更敏感）、N2出现“经典”的排斥效应（对被排斥更敏感），以及P3在青春期调节时出现经典效应。源估计确定了不同的神经网络，这些网络可能驱动对被排斥（如杏仁核、上丘臂和额下回）或被接纳（如前扣带回、扣带回、梭状回、脑岛、顶叶上回、颞上回）的敏感性。此外，P3幅度对排斥的敏感性在青春期发育过程中增加，但杏仁核和额下回对排斥的敏感性随年龄增加。P1幅度和接纳敏感区域对被接纳的敏感性随年龄下降。本研究强调了使用能够在控制参与者参与度的同时分离与排斥相关的神经过程的范式的实用性。
