Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CIMAP, CSIR), Research Centre, Pantnagar, P.O.-Dairy Farm Nagla, Udham Singh Nagar, Uttarakhand 263149, India.
Nat Prod Res. 2012;26(14):1358-62. doi: 10.1080/14786419.2011.602017. Epub 2011 Oct 19.
Essential oils derived from six different phenophases, namely early vegetative stage, late vegetative stage, early flowering stage, full flowering stage (FFS), late flowering stage and seed shattering stage of Origanum vulgare L. grown in Kumaon region of Uttarakhand, India were investigated by GC and GC-MS. A total of 38 constituents, representing 97.4-99.7% of the total oil composition, were identified. Major components of oils were thymol (40.9-63.4%), p-cymene, (5.1-25.9%), γ-terpinene (1.4-20.1%), bicyclogermacrene (0.2-6.1%), terpinen-4-ol (3.5-5.9%), α-pinene (1.6-3.1%), 1-octen-3-ol (1.4-2.7%), α-terpinene (1.0-2.2%), carvacrol (<0.1-2.1%), β-caryophyllene (0.5-2.0%) and β-myrcene (1.2-1.9%). Thymol, terpinen-4-ol, 3-octanol, α-pinene, β-pinene, 1,8-cineole, α-cubebene and (E)-β-ocimene were observed to be higher during FFS. The study showed that plant stage had a significant effect on the essential oil content and composition of O. vulgare grown in the hilly tracks of Northern India.
从印度北阿坎德邦库马翁地区生长的牛至的六个不同物候期（早期营养期、晚期营养期、早期花期、盛花期（FFS）、晚期花期和种子破裂期）提取的精油通过 GC 和 GC-MS 进行了研究。鉴定出了 38 种成分，占总油成分的 97.4-99.7%。油的主要成分是百里酚（40.9-63.4%）、对伞花烃（5.1-25.9%）、γ-萜品烯（1.4-20.1%）、双环倍半萜烯（0.2-6.1%）、萜品烯-4-醇（3.5-5.9%）、α-蒎烯（1.6-3.1%）、1-辛烯-3-醇（1.4-2.7%）、α-松油烯（1.0-2.2%）、香芹酚（<0.1-2.1%）、β-石竹烯（0.5-2.0%）和β-月桂烯（1.2-1.9%）。百里酚、萜品烯-4-醇、3-辛醇、α-蒎烯、β-蒎烯、1,8-桉叶素、α-古巴烯和（E）-β-罗勒烯在 FFS 期间观察到含量较高。该研究表明，植物阶段对在印度北部丘陵地带生长的牛至的精油含量和组成有显著影响。
