Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Tissue Eng Part A. 2012 Apr;18(7-8):840-51. doi: 10.1089/ten.TEA.2011.0362. Epub 2011 Dec 13.
The use of tendon-derived stem cells (TDSCs) as a cell source for musculoskeletal tissue engineering has not been compared with that of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSC). This study compared the mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) and embryonic stem cells (ESC) markers, clonogenicity, proliferative capacity, and multilineage differentiation potential of rat TDSC and BMSC in vitro. The MSC and ESC marker profiles of paired TDSC and BMSC were compared using flow cytometry and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), respectively. Their clonogenicity and proliferative capacity were compared using colony-forming and 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine assays, respectively. The expression of tenogenic, osteogenic, and chondrogenic markers at basal state were examined using qRT-PCR. Their osteogenic, chondrogenic, and adipogenic differentiation potentials were compared using standard assays. TDSC and BMSC showed similar expression of CD90 and CD73. TDSC expressed higher levels of Oct4 than BMSC. TDSC exhibited higher clonogenicity, proliferated faster, and expressed higher tenomodulin, scleraxis, collagen 1 α 1 (Col1A1), decorin, alkaline phosphatase, Col2A1, and biglycan messenger RNA levels than BMSC. There was higher calcium nodule formation and osteogenic marker expression in TDSC than BMSC upon osteogenic induction. More chondrocyte-like cells and higher glycosaminoglycan deposition and chondrogenic marker expression were observed in TDSC than BMSC upon chondrogenic induction. There were more oil droplets and expression of an adipogenic marker in TDSC than BMSC upon adipogenic induction. TDSC expressed higher Oct4 levels, which was reported to positively regulate mesendodermal lineage differentiation, showed higher clonogenicity and proliferative capacity, and had greater tenogenic, osteogenic, chondrogenic, and adipogenic markers and differentiation potential than BMSC. TDSC might be a better cell source than BMSC for musculoskeletal tissue regeneration.
肌腱衍生干细胞（TDSCs）作为组织工程学中一种细胞来源，尚未与骨髓基质细胞（BMSC）进行过比较。本研究对比了大鼠 TDSC 和 BMSC 之间的间充质干细胞（MSC）和胚胎干细胞（ESC）标志物、集落形成能力、增殖能力和多能性分化潜能。通过流式细胞术和实时定量聚合酶链反应（qRT-PCR），分别对配对的 TDSC 和 BMSC 的 MSC 和 ESC 标志物特征进行了比较。通过集落形成和 5-溴-2'-脱氧尿苷实验，分别对其集落形成能力和增殖能力进行了比较。通过 qRT-PCR 检测了基本状态下的成肌腱、成骨和成软骨标志物的表达。通过标准检测比较了它们的成骨、成软骨和成脂分化潜能。TDSC 和 BMSC 均表达较高水平的 CD90 和 CD73。TDSC 中 Oct4 的表达水平高于 BMSC。TDSC 的集落形成能力较高，增殖速度较快，并且表达较高水平的腱调蛋白、肌腱整联蛋白、Ⅰ型胶原（Col1A1）、核心蛋白聚糖、碱性磷酸酶、Col2A1 和双糖链蛋白聚糖信使 RNA，高于 BMSC。成骨诱导后，TDSC 中钙结节形成和骨形成标志物表达更高。成软骨诱导后，TDSC 中形成更多的类软骨细胞和更高的糖胺聚糖沉积及软骨形成标志物表达。成脂诱导后，TDSC 中形成更多的脂滴和表达更高水平的脂肪形成标志物。TDSC 中表达更高水平的 Oct4，据报道其可正向调控中胚层谱系分化，具有更高的集落形成能力和增殖能力，且具有更高的腱调、成骨、成软骨和成脂标志物和分化潜能，优于 BMSC。TDSC 可能是一种优于 BMSC 的用于肌肉骨骼组织再生的细胞来源。
