University of Silesia, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Department of Genetics, Jagiellonska, Katowice, Poland.
OMICS. 2011 Nov;15(11):763-74. doi: 10.1089/omi.2011.0082. Epub 2011 Oct 19.
Different abiotic stresses inhibit or delay the development and growth of plants. The most crucial step of plant life cycle, which ensures the survival of the next generation, is seed germination. Plants are sessile organisms that need to integrate internal and external signals in order to produce the correct response. Plants have evolved mechanisms that enable seed germination to be arrested under stress conditions and then resumed when conditions are favorable. The complexity of this mechanism was explored in Arabidopsis thaliana using mutants that had defects in their phytohormone metabolism and signaling pathways. These analyses led to the identification of many important components that are involved in these pathways and shed light on the complex crosstalk between phytohormones under abiotic stress. Combined "omics" techniques such as functional genomics, transcriptomics, and proteomics with the support of bioinformatics, physiology, and molecular genetics have greatly expanded the present understanding of the seed germination process. This minireview focuses on the current status of knowledge about seed germination under abiotic stress with a particular emphasis on genetic interactions, hormonal balance, and epigenetic regulation that occur in Arabidopsis thaliana during this process.
不同的非生物胁迫会抑制或延迟植物的发育和生长。植物生命周期中至关重要的一步是种子萌发，它确保了下一代的生存。植物是固着生物，需要整合内部和外部信号，以产生正确的反应。植物已经进化出了机制，使种子在胁迫条件下停止萌发，然后在条件适宜时恢复萌发。拟南芥中使用具有植物激素代谢和信号通路缺陷的突变体来探索这种机制的复杂性。这些分析导致确定了许多参与这些途径的重要组成部分，并阐明了非生物胁迫下植物激素之间的复杂串扰。结合功能基因组学、转录组学和蛋白质组学等“组学”技术，并得到生物信息学、生理学和分子遗传学的支持，极大地扩展了对种子萌发过程的现有理解。这篇小综述重点介绍了非生物胁迫下种子萌发的最新知识状况，特别强调了在拟南芥中发生的遗传相互作用、激素平衡和表观遗传调控。
